Wang Xinru, Zhang Ying, Sheng Jie, Zhou Longjie, Yao Jiayao, Hu Yueyue, Xu Xiufang, Yu Yunsong, Li Xi
School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310063, Zhejiang Province, China.
Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.
One Health. 2025 May 11;20:101069. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101069. eCollection 2025 Jun.
, a newly recognized member, has gained attention due to the resistance gene found in animals. However, to date, no clinical isolates carrying this gene have been reported.
A carbapenem-resistant clinical isolate of was obtained from a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province, China. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, filter mating, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), plasmid stability, and fitness analysis were performed. Global phylogenetic relationships of were analyzed using publicly available databases.
isolate EF21023765 exhibited resistance to most antibiotics, except tigecycline, colistin, and amikacin. WGS revealed located on an IncX3 plasmid pEF-2-NDM with a genetic environment (Tn-IS-IS- - ---IS-IS), closely related to the previously reported plasmid pEC463-NDM5, a carbapenem resistance plasmid identified from a blood sample of collected in 2016 at the same Chinese hospital. This finding demonstrates the 5-year persistence of related IncX3 plasmids across distinct species, specifically from to . The plasmid pEF-2-NDM demonstrated a relatively stable state in the plasmid stability experiment. Growth rate analysis revealed a significant fitness cost associated with the -carrying IncX3 plasmid, as evidenced by a 6 % higher growth rate in J53 compared to the transconjugant strain J53/pEF-2-NDM (1.00 ± 0.02 vs 0.94 ± 0.02). Phylogenetic analysis revealed significant genetic diversity in , predominantly found in the UK, China, and the US, with livestock and avian as the primary hosts. In addition, ST12029 was the most prevalent sequence type.
To our knowledge, this is the first report of an IncX3 type plasmid carrying from a clinical isolate. Our findings not only reveal the cross-species transmission capability of , but also underscore its potential as an emerging pathogen, highlighting the need for enhanced surveillance to monitor the spread of -producing isolates.
作为一个新发现的成员，因其在动物中发现的耐药基因而受到关注。然而，迄今为止，尚未有携带该基因的临床分离株的报道。
从中国浙江省一家三级医院获得一株耐碳青霉烯类临床分离株。进行了药敏试验、滤膜接合试验、全基因组测序（WGS）、质粒稳定性和适应性分析。利用公开可用的数据库分析了的全球系统发育关系。
分离株EF21023765对大多数抗生素耐药，除替加环素、黏菌素和阿米卡星外。WGS显示位于IncX3质粒pEF-2-NDM上，其遗传环境为（Tn-IS-IS---IS-IS），与先前报道的质粒pEC463-NDM5密切相关，pEC463-NDM5是2016年从同一家中国医院采集的血液样本中鉴定出的一种耐碳青霉烯类质粒。这一发现表明相关的IncX3质粒在不同物种间持续存在了5年，特别是从到。质粒pEF-2-NDM在质粒稳定性实验中表现出相对稳定的状态。生长速率分析显示，携带的IncX3质粒存在显著的适应性代价，与接合子菌株J53/pEF-2-NDM相比，J53的生长速率高6%（1.00±0.02对0.94±0.02）。系统发育分析显示存在显著的遗传多样性，主要分布在英国、中国和美国，以家畜和禽类为主要宿主。此外，ST12029是最常见的序列类型。
据我们所知，这是首次报道从临床分离株中获得携带的IncX3型质粒。我们的发现不仅揭示了的跨物种传播能力，也强调了其作为一种新兴病原体的潜力，突出了加强监测以监控产分离株传播的必要性。
