探索跑步相关损伤管理与预防的背景因素:跑步者与专家的观点
Exploring contextual factors for management and prevention of running-related injuries: runners and experts' perspectives.
作者信息
Besomi Manuela, Roa-Alcaino Sonia, Lombardi Ángela, Vélez-Rivera Rocío, Leppe Zamora Jaime, Bolling Caroline
机构信息
The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Universidad del Desarrollo Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Santiago Metropolitan Region, Chile.
出版信息
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2025 Jun 1;11(2):e002413. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002413. eCollection 2025.
Running is one of the most accessible and popular physical activities worldwide; however, injuries are the main barrier to sustaining running practice. While quantitative studies have explored prevalence and risk factors, a critical gap exists in understanding subjective experiences, perceptions and contextual influences on injury management and prevention. This qualitative study aimed to explore the perspectives of runners and experts regarding injury perception, management and prevention, as well as the contextual influence of these processes. Using a secondary data analysis approach, this study drew from qualitative semistructured interviews with Chilean runners (n=15) and running experts (n=6). Thematic analysis, guided by an interpretivist approach, uncovered intrinsic factors (identity, motivation, stress and self-learning) and extrinsic factors (environment, information sources, marketing, peer advice, professional guidance, racing, stereotype and clothing) that shaped runners' behaviours. Less experienced runners associated injury risk with asphalt surfaces, faced challenges in discerning online information reliability and found motivation in peer advice. Experts emphasised the multifactorial nature of running-related injuries, including previous injuries and training-related factors. Both groups acknowledged a global tendency among runners to resist rest when discomfort arose. This research contributed to a nuanced understanding of injury perception, management and prevention, bridging scientific knowledge with individual experiences. Clinicians may use this information to enhance the therapy alliance and set realistic expectations about the runner's rehabilitation process.
跑步是全球最容易参与且最受欢迎的体育活动之一;然而,受伤却是持续跑步锻炼的主要障碍。虽然定量研究已经探讨了受伤的发生率和风险因素,但在理解主观体验、认知以及情境对损伤管理和预防的影响方面,仍存在关键差距。这项定性研究旨在探讨跑步者和专家对损伤认知、管理和预防的看法,以及这些过程的情境影响。本研究采用二次数据分析方法,取材于对智利跑步者(n = 15)和跑步专家(n = 6)的定性半结构化访谈。在解释主义方法的指导下进行主题分析,揭示了塑造跑步者行为的内在因素(身份认同、动机、压力和自我学习)和外在因素(环境、信息来源、营销、同伴建议、专业指导、比赛、刻板印象和服装)。经验较少的跑步者将受伤风险与柏油路面联系起来,在辨别在线信息可靠性方面面临挑战,并从同伴建议中找到动力。专家强调与跑步相关损伤的多因素性质,包括既往损伤和与训练相关的因素。两组都承认跑步者中存在一种普遍趋势,即当出现不适时会抗拒休息。这项研究有助于对损伤认知、管理和预防有更细致入微的理解,将科学知识与个人经验联系起来。临床医生可以利用这些信息来加强治疗联盟,并对跑步者的康复过程设定现实的期望。