Kane Emma, Buffini Maria, Heslin Aoibhín Moore, Nugent Anne P, Kehoe Laura, Walton Janette, Kearney John, Flynn Albert, McNulty Breige
UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Eur J Nutr. 2025 Jun 9;64(5):214. doi: 10.1007/s00394-025-03731-9.
Insufficient iodine intake can lead to a variety of preventable health and developmental outcomes. Consequently, continuous monitoring of a population's iodine adequacy is important. The aim of this study was to examine iodine intake and status in a nationally representative sample of school-age girls living in Ireland.
Analyses were based on 516 schoolgirls aged 5-18 years from the cross-sectional National Children's Food Survey II (2017-2018) and the National Teens' Food Survey II (2019-2020). Dietary data were collected using a four-day weighed food diary. Adequacy of iodine intake and the contribution of food categories to overall dietary iodine intake was assessed. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was measured using a spot urine sample using the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction by a modified microplate method.
Median iodine intake was 94.8 µg/d (IQR 54.9-155.5 µg/d), with 40% of girls having intakes below the estimated average requirement (EAR). The median UIC was 87.8 µg/L, with younger girls having a significantly higher UIC compared to older girls (104.4 µg/L - 77.0 µg/L respectively; p < 0.001). The main dietary source was milk, contributing to over 50% of iodine intake, with non-consumers of milk having significantly lower dietary and urinary iodine levels compared to high consumers (p < 0.001).
This study suggests that school aged girls living in Ireland have mild iodine deficiency and given the concerns associated with such deficiencies and their potential public health implications, it is essential that iodine status in other population groups in Ireland is ascertained. The need for targeted public health strategies to eradicate iodine deficiency may be warranted.
碘摄入不足会导致各种可预防的健康和发育问题。因此，持续监测人群的碘充足情况很重要。本研究的目的是调查爱尔兰具有全国代表性的学龄女童样本中的碘摄入量和碘状况。
分析基于来自横断面的全国儿童食物调查II（2017 - 2018年）和全国青少年食物调查II（2019 - 2020年）的516名5 - 18岁的女学生。使用为期四天的称重食物日记收集饮食数据。评估碘摄入的充足性以及食物类别对总体饮食碘摄入的贡献。采用改良微孔板法，通过桑德尔 - 科尔托夫反应，使用即时尿样测量尿碘浓度（UIC）。
碘摄入量中位数为94.8μg/d（四分位间距54.9 - 155.5μg/d），40%的女孩摄入量低于估计平均需求量（EAR）。UIC中位数为87.8μg/L，较年幼女孩的UIC显著高于年龄较大的女孩（分别为104.4μg/L - 77.0μg/L；p < 0.001）。主要饮食来源是牛奶，占碘摄入量的50%以上，与高牛奶消费者相比，不饮用牛奶的人饮食和尿碘水平显著较低（p < 0.001）。
本研究表明，生活在爱尔兰的学龄女童存在轻度碘缺乏，鉴于与这种缺乏相关的问题及其潜在的公共卫生影响，确定爱尔兰其他人群组的碘状况至关重要。可能需要有针对性的公共卫生策略来消除碘缺乏。
