Eliyan Tamer, Al-Gahtani Saad F, Elbarbary Z M S, Wadie Fady
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Electrical Power and Machines Engineering, The Higher Institute of Engineering at El-Shorouk City, Alshorouk Academy, Cairo, Egypt.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 10;20(6):e0325514. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0325514. eCollection 2025.
Wind farms are exposed to various weather hazards, including lightning strikes, which can pose significant risks. However, the impact of different wind farm topologies on the magnitude of lightning-induced overvoltages has not been extensively studied, creating a gap in existing literature. This paper addresses this gap by analyzing the characteristics of lightning-induced overvoltages injected into the grid for various wind farm topologies. The scientific scope of this study is to evaluate the influence of wind farm topology on the severity of different types of lightning-induced overvoltages including positive, negative, and double-peaked lightning strikes, using simulation-based analysis. The topologies tested include radial, single-sided ring (SSR), double-sided ring (DSR), and star topologies. The results demonstrate that radial topology leads to the highest overvoltage injection, while switching to SSR, DSR, or star topologies results in reductions of overvoltage by 11.5% to 51.0%, 39.5% to 66.0%, and 62.3% to 89.0%, respectively. These results support a topology-based risk assessment approach, offering clear guidance for selecting configurations that improve lightning resilience.
风力发电场面临各种气象灾害，包括雷击，雷击会带来重大风险。然而，不同风力发电场拓扑结构对雷击感应过电压幅值的影响尚未得到广泛研究，这在现有文献中存在空白。本文通过分析各种风力发电场拓扑结构注入电网的雷击感应过电压特性来填补这一空白。本研究的科学范围是利用基于仿真的分析方法，评估风力发电场拓扑结构对不同类型雷击感应过电压（包括正极性、负极性和双峰雷击）严重程度的影响。测试的拓扑结构包括辐射状、单侧环形（SSR）、双侧环形（DSR）和星形拓扑。结果表明，辐射状拓扑结构导致最高的过电压注入，而切换到SSR、DSR或星形拓扑结构分别可使过电压降低11.5%至51.0%、39.5%至66.0%以及62.3%至89.0%。这些结果支持基于拓扑结构的风险评估方法，为选择提高防雷能力的配置提供了明确指导。
