Chu Huaqiang, Xu Qian, Liu Zilong, Xu Nian, Zhang Hanfang
School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, Anhui, PR China.
School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, Anhui, PR China.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2025 Sep;343:103565. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2025.103565. Epub 2025 Jun 3.
Accumulation of snow and ice can pose significant safety hazards and economic losses in many areas of human life and production. Although traditional anti-icing methods have certain de-icing effects, they are mostly affected by the environment and terrain. Superhydrophobic materials originating from nature have attracted much attention for their outstanding passive anti-icing properties and promising application prospects. However, such passive anti-icing materials tend to lose their anti-icing properties after mechanical damage or exposure to harsh conditions. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that it is more practical to combine photothermal conversion properties with superhydrophobic properties. This innovative method integrates the benefits of passive anti-icing materials with active de-icing materials, showcasing exceptional energy-efficient anti/de-icing capabilities. This paper summarizes the advancements in research on photothermal superhydrophobic materials pertaining to anti/de-icing applications. The theory and mechanism of anti-icing are firstly introduced. Secondly, the anti/de-icing performance of photothermal superhydrophobic coatings is evaluated, and the research progress of photothermal superhydrophobic materials in the field of anti/de-icing is summarized, including carbon-based, metallic, semiconducting and polymeric materials. Finally, the challenges and future directions of photothermal superhydrophobic materials in practical engineering applications are discussed.
冰雪堆积会在人类生活和生产的许多领域造成重大安全隐患和经济损失。尽管传统的防冰方法有一定的除冰效果，但大多受环境和地形影响。源自天然的超疏水材料因其出色的被动防冰性能和广阔的应用前景而备受关注。然而，这类被动防冰材料在受到机械损伤或暴露于恶劣条件后往往会失去防冰性能。近年来，越来越多的研究表明，将光热转换特性与超疏水特性相结合更为实用。这种创新方法融合了被动防冰材料和主动除冰材料的优点，展现出卓越的节能防冰/除冰能力。本文综述了光热超疏水材料在防冰/除冰应用方面的研究进展。首先介绍了防冰的理论和机理。其次，评估了光热超疏水涂层的防冰/除冰性能，并总结了光热超疏水材料在防冰/除冰领域的研究进展，包括碳基、金属、半导体和聚合物材料。最后，讨论了光热超疏水材料在实际工程应用中面临的挑战和未来发展方向。
