McDonough Ian M, Lin Cuichan, Kraemer Kyle R, Black Sheila R, Thomas Kelsey R, Dean Lorraine T, Jones Rich N, Owens Joshua H, Gross Alden L, Marsiske Michael M, Willis Sherry L
Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong.
Gerontologist. 2025 Jun 12;65(7). doi: 10.1093/geront/gnaf125.
Despite declines in financial ability with age and dementia, research has not explored older adults' metacognitive awareness of such declines. We investigated the relationship between subjective and objective financial abilities among older adults, and how this relationship changed over 10 years and with cognitive decline.
Data from older adults (N = 2,802) in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly study were used to assess subjective financial performance from the Minimum Data Set for Home Care and objective financial performance from the Everyday Problem Solving Test and the Observed Tasks of Daily Living. Multilevel modeling tested associations between subjective and objective performance and moderating factors.
In years when older adults subjectively reported fewer difficulties with their finances, they objectively performed better at financial tasks and this relationship became stronger over 10 years. This relationship was not present for older adults with a dementia diagnosis. Age and objective cognitive impairment did not moderate the relationships.
Awareness of financial abilities is critical in an aging population bombarded by fraud and scams. Although older adults without dementia are metacognitively aware of their financial abilities, those diagnosed with dementia are more likely to experience financial anosognosia. These findings offer new insights for programs and early detection tools for dementia.
尽管随着年龄增长和患痴呆症，经济能力会下降，但研究尚未探讨老年人对这种下降的元认知意识。我们调查了老年人主观和客观经济能力之间的关系，以及这种关系在10年中如何变化以及与认知衰退的关系。
来自“独立与活力老年人高级认知训练”研究中的老年人（N = 2802）的数据，用于从家庭护理最小数据集评估主观财务表现，并从日常问题解决测试和日常生活观察任务评估客观财务表现。多级模型测试了主观和客观表现之间的关联以及调节因素。
在老年人主观报告财务困难较少的年份，他们在财务任务上的客观表现更好，并且这种关系在10年中变得更强。对于被诊断患有痴呆症的老年人，这种关系不存在。年龄和客观认知障碍并未调节这些关系。
在受欺诈和诈骗困扰的老龄化人口中，对财务能力的认知至关重要。尽管没有痴呆症的老年人对自己的财务能力有元认知意识，但那些被诊断患有痴呆症的人更有可能出现财务失认症。这些发现为痴呆症的项目和早期检测工具提供了新的见解。
