母亲对儿童牙齿外伤预防行为的预测因素：一项使用健康信念模型的横断面研究

Predictors of mothers' preventive behaviors for children's dental trauma: a cross-sectional study using the health belief model.

作者信息

Fakharian Esmaeil, Sehat Mojtaba, Jahangirimehr Azam, Akbari Hossein, Kalanfarmanfarma KHadijeh, Yarmohammadi Soudabeh

机构信息

Trauma Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

MD, PhD in Epidemiology, Trauma Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

出版信息

BDJ Open. 2025 Jun 12;11(1):57. doi: 10.1038/s41405-025-00346-4.

DOI:10.1038/s41405-025-00346-4

PMID:40506433

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12162871/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Dental traumas are one of the most common reasons for children to visit the dentist. This study aimed to investigate the predictors of mothers' behavior based on the health belief model (HBM) for the prevention of dental trauma in 7-12-year-old children.

METHODS

The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 700 mothers in Kashan city in 19 September 2023 to 2 March 2024 included in the study by multi-stage random cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire consisting of demographic information, Knowledge, constructs of HBM, and preventive behavior for dental trauma. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 and descriptive statistics (standard deviation, mean, median and range), inferential tests (Pearson correlation coefficient, regression) and path analysis to test the direct and indirect effect of model constructs on the dependent variable by AMOS software.

RESULTS

Knowledge (r = 0.365, P < 0.001), perceived benefits (r = 0.166, P < 0.001), and self-efficacy (r = 0.425, P < 0.001) had a positive correlation and perceived barriers (r = -0.313, P < 0.001) had a negative correlation and a significant relationship with mothers' preventive behaviors. Knowledge, perceived barriers and self-efficacy explained and predicted a total of 33% of preventive behavior changes (R-Square=0.329). In the path analysis, self-efficacy (β = 0.327, P < 0.001), knowledge (β = 0.251, P < 0.001) and perceived barriers (β = -0.242, P < 0.001) had the most direct effect, and perceived severity (β = -0.017), perceived susceptibility (β = -0.004), and perceived benefits (β = 0.092) had an indirect effect on mothers' preventive behaviors (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Knowledge, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers were key predictors of mothers' preventive behaviors. Interventions should target these factors to improve dental trauma prevention in children. The HBM effectively identified these predictors.

摘要

目的

牙外伤是儿童看牙医最常见的原因之一。本研究旨在基于健康信念模型（HBM）调查母亲行为的预测因素，以预防7至12岁儿童的牙外伤。

方法

本横断面研究于2023年9月19日至2024年3月2日在卡尚市对700名母亲进行，采用多阶段随机整群抽样法纳入研究。数据收集工具是一份由研究人员编制的有效且可靠的问卷，包括人口统计学信息、知识、HBM的构成要素以及牙外伤预防行为。使用SPSS 21进行数据分析，并采用描述性统计（标准差、均值、中位数和范围）、推断性检验（Pearson相关系数、回归分析）以及路径分析，通过AMOS软件检验模型构成要素对因变量的直接和间接影响。

结果

知识（r = 0.365，P < 0.001）、感知收益（r = 0.166，P < 0.001）和自我效能感（r = 0.425，P < 0.001）与母亲的预防行为呈正相关，而感知障碍（r = -0.313，P < 0.001）与母亲的预防行为呈负相关且具有显著关系。知识、感知障碍和自我效能感总共解释并预测了33%的预防行为变化（决定系数=0.329）。在路径分析中，自我效能感（β = 0.327，P < 0.001）、知识（β = 0.251，P < 0.001）和感知障碍（β = -0.242，P < 0.001）具有最直接的影响，而感知严重性（β = -0.017）、感知易感性（β = -0.004）和感知收益（β = 0.092）对母亲的预防行为具有间接影响（P < 0.05）。