高生长率和低生长率肉兔之间的比较转录组分析揭示了与肌肉发育相关的关键途径。
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Between High- and Low-Growth-Rate Meat-Type Rabbits Reveals Key Pathways Associated with Muscle Development.
作者信息
Yang Chao, Zhu Lingxi, Tang Li, Zhang Xiangyu, Lei Min, Xie Xiaohong, Zhang Cuixia, Yuan Dingsheng, Li Congyan, Zhang Ming
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 611000, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
出版信息
Animals (Basel). 2025 May 29;15(11):1585. doi: 10.3390/ani15111585.
Rabbit meat constitutes a high-protein, low-fat nutritional resource demonstrating rising consumption, particularly within the Asia-Pacific region. Consequently, muscle growth and developmental pattern in meat rabbits represent critical economic considerations. To elucidate the primary signaling pathways governing muscle development, we first performed comparative body weight analyses between two rabbit breeds exhibiting divergent growth rates: the fast-growing Checkered Giant (Ju) and slow-growing Sichuan Ma rabbit. Subsequent, post-natal qualities of thigh and muscle fiber were quantified across three developmental phases (28, 56, and 84 days post-natal). The results showed the body weight of Ju rabbit was significantly higher than that of Ma rabbit beyond 3 weeks post-natal ( < 0.05), while Ma rabbit exhibited larger muscle fiber areas in both tissues at 56 days ( < 0.05). The transcriptome analysis showed that 284 and 305 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (|log2FC| > 1, padj < 0.05) were identified in thigh muscle and muscle, respectively. GO (Gene Ontology) analysis of DEGs indicated DEGs in the thigh muscle were enriched in these terms related to biological processes of muscle cell migration and smooth muscle cell migration, cellular components of sarcomere, myofibril, and actin filament bundle, while DEGs in muscle were enriched in these terms associated with biological processes of muscle cell migration, smooth muscle cell migration and muscle structure development, cellular component of actin cytoskeleton, contractile fiber, myofibril, myosin complex and molecular function of actin filament binding. Integrated GO, KEGG and PPI analyses of co-expressive DEGs implicated the HIF-1 signaling pathway and Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis in muscular development. Different expression of energy metabolism hub-genes might be the primary reason for interbreed muscle developmental disparities.
兔肉是一种高蛋白、低脂肪的营养资源，其消费量呈上升趋势，尤其是在亚太地区。因此，肉兔的肌肉生长和发育模式是关键的经济考量因素。为了阐明控制肌肉发育的主要信号通路，我们首先对两个生长速度不同的兔品种进行了比较体重分析：快速生长的花巨兔（Ju）和缓慢生长的四川麻兔。随后，在三个发育阶段（出生后28、56和84天）对大腿和肌肉纤维的产后质量进行了量化。结果显示，出生后3周后，Ju兔的体重显著高于麻兔（<0.05），而麻兔在56天时两个组织中的肌肉纤维面积均较大（<0.05）。转录组分析表明，在大腿肌肉和肌肉中分别鉴定出284个和305个差异表达基因（DEGs）（|log2FC|>1，padj<0.05）。对DEGs的基因本体（GO）分析表明，大腿肌肉中的DEGs在与肌肉细胞迁移和平滑肌细胞迁移的生物学过程、肌节、肌原纤维和肌动蛋白丝束的细胞成分相关的术语中富集，而肌肉中的DEGs在与肌肉细胞迁移、平滑肌细胞迁移和肌肉结构发育的生物学过程、肌动蛋白细胞骨架的细胞成分、收缩纤维、肌原纤维、肌球蛋白复合体以及肌动蛋白丝结合的分子功能相关的术语中富集。对共表达DEGs的综合GO、KEGG和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）分析表明，缺氧诱导因子-1（HIF-1）信号通路和糖酵解/糖异生在肌肉发育中起作用。能量代谢枢纽基因的不同表达可能是品种间肌肉发育差异的主要原因。
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