Yang Min, Wang Jindan, Qi Ying, Gao Penghua, Li Lifang, Guo Jianwei, Zhao Yongteng, Liu Jiani, Chen Zebin, Zhao Jianrong, Yu Lei
College of Agronomy, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Konjac Biology, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 May 29;16:1492141. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1492141. eCollection 2025.
The seeds of represent a unique category of herbaceous seeds that arise from triploid apomixis. They necessitate an exceptionally protracted maturation phase of 8 months, followed by a dormancy period of 4 months, before they can germinate and give rise to fully formed new plants. Currently, the connection between endophytic microbial communities in seeds and the host plant's development is largely unexplored.
Herein, we analyzed the temporal dynamics of the endophytic bacterial and fungal communities from seed germination to seedling establishment (seven stages) through amplicon sequencing.
The results showed that plant developmental stage explained the large variation in endophytic bacterial and fungal communities in and that multiple microbial attributes (e.g., α, β-diversity, community composition, and bacterial and fungal ecological networks) are driven by the developmental state of . Metagenomic analyses further indicated that the four stages after rooting have higher microbial functional diversity. Microbial functional genes involved in cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis, inorganic ion transport and metabolism, and carbon degradation were abundant in seeds from Stage 1 to Stage 3 (before rooting). From Stage 4 to Stage 7 (after rooting), microbial functional genes involved in the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles, starch and sucrose metabolism, and energy production and conversion were more abundant. Coincidentally, more abundant Proteobacteria, and Basidiomycota taxa related to carbon degradation were found in stages 1-3, while more and taxa associated with nitrogen cycling and plant growth promotion were observed in stages 4-7. These findings have greatly improved our basic understanding of the assembly and functional adaptability of the endophytic microbiome during plant development and are helpful for the mining, development and utilization of functional microbial resources.
[植物名称]的种子是一类独特的草本种子，通过三倍体无融合生殖产生。它们需要长达8个月的超长成熟期，随后是4个月的休眠期，才能发芽并长成完全成熟的新植株。目前，[植物名称]种子中的内生微生物群落与宿主植物发育之间的联系在很大程度上尚未得到探索。
在此，我们通过扩增子测序分析了从种子萌发到幼苗建立（七个阶段）的内生细菌和真菌群落的时间动态。
结果表明，植物发育阶段解释了[植物名称]内生细菌和真菌群落的大部分变异，并且多种微生物属性（例如，α、β多样性、群落组成以及细菌和真菌生态网络）受[植物名称]的发育状态驱动。宏基因组分析进一步表明，生根后的四个阶段具有更高的微生物功能多样性。参与细胞壁/膜/包膜生物合成、无机离子运输和代谢以及碳降解的微生物功能基因在第1阶段至第3阶段（生根前）的[植物名称]种子中含量丰富。从第4阶段到第7阶段（生根后），参与碳、氮和磷循环、淀粉和蔗糖代谢以及能量产生和转换的微生物功能基因更为丰富。巧合的是，在第1 - 3阶段发现了更多与碳降解相关的变形菌门和担子菌门分类群，而在第4 - 7阶段观察到更多与氮循环和植物生长促进相关的[分类群名称1]和[分类群名称2]分类群。这些发现极大地提高了我们对[植物名称]植物发育过程中内生微生物群落组装和功能适应性的基本理解，并有助于功能性微生物资源的挖掘、开发和利用。
