Aruna R, Sivarajan Armel Arputha, Revathy Gunaseelan, Vasanth C J
Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Department of Radiology, Sri Venkateshwara Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Ariyur, Puducherry, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2025 May-Jun;50(3):500-505. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_291_23. Epub 2024 Jun 24.
Obesity refers to the accumulation of excess body fat. Even individuals with a normal body mass index (BMI) of <23 Kg/m but a high percentage of body fat have an increased risk for noncommunicable disease. This condition is referred to as normal weight obesity (NWO).
To assess the association between muscle strength, ultrasound-derived muscle thickness, insulin resistance, and echo intensity in NWO and normal weight nonobese (NWNO) young adults.
Eighty young adults of a normal BMI of 18.5 to 22.9 Kg/m were recruited in this current study. Forty subjects with cutoff points of body fat percentage ≥ 20.6% for men and ≥ 33.4% for women were taken as NWO group and 40 were NWNO. Fasting glucose and insulin were used for calculating insulin resistance, sensitivity, and beta cell function. Ultrasonography (USG) was done to measure forearm radial and ulna muscle thickness. The echo intensity was measured from an ultrasound image as a mean pixel value using Adobe Photoshop. Subjects were tested for handgrip strength using hand dynamometry.
Hand grip strength was higher in NWNO group, and subcutaneous fat thickness and echo intensity were higher in the NWO group. Glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance were significantly higher in the NWO group. Linear regression showed a significant correlation between ulna muscle thickness, forearm circumference, echo intensity, and insulin resistance with handgrip strength (r = 0.835 < 0.001).
NWO adults have higher insulin resistance and echo intensity, indicating decreased muscle quality compared to NWNO individuals.
肥胖是指体内脂肪过度堆积。即使体重指数（BMI）正常（<23 Kg/m²）但体脂百分比高的个体患非传染性疾病的风险也会增加。这种情况被称为正常体重肥胖（NWO）。
评估正常体重肥胖（NWO）和正常体重非肥胖（NWNO）的年轻成年人的肌肉力量、超声测量的肌肉厚度、胰岛素抵抗和回声强度之间的关联。
本研究招募了80名BMI正常（18.5至22.9 Kg/m²）的年轻成年人。40名体脂百分比男性≥20.6%、女性≥33.4%的受试者被视为NWO组，另外40名作为NWNO组。空腹血糖和胰岛素用于计算胰岛素抵抗、敏感性和β细胞功能。采用超声检查（USG）测量前臂桡侧和尺侧肌肉厚度。使用Adobe Photoshop从超声图像中测量回声强度作为平均像素值。使用握力计测试受试者的握力。
NWNO组的握力较高，NWO组的皮下脂肪厚度和回声强度较高。NWO组的血糖、胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗显著更高。线性回归显示尺侧肌肉厚度、前臂周长、回声强度和胰岛素抵抗与握力之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.835，P < 0.001）。
与NWNO个体相比，NWO成年人具有更高的胰岛素抵抗和回声强度，表明肌肉质量下降。
