Markham N I
Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1985 Sep;67(5):326-9.
Amongst the most significant of the advances that have occurred in molecular biology in the last decade has been the development of our understanding of oncogenes, genes that would seem to be responsible for causing cancer. Subtle genetic differences between tumour cells and their normal counterparts have now been discovered, and there is much excitement being generated as new light is shed on the very roots of malignant change. Much of the technology is complicated and confusing, yet the subject should be one with which practising surgeons have a background understanding, for clinicians will possibly soon be able to utilise the results of this basic scientific research in everyday practice. This review article attempts to explain the background to the discovery of oncogenes, how they act, and how the technology may be able to be clinically used in the future in the battle to overcome cancer.
在过去十年分子生物学取得的最重要进展中，对癌基因的认识发展是其中之一。癌基因似乎是引发癌症的基因。现在已经发现肿瘤细胞与其正常对应细胞之间存在细微的基因差异，随着恶性变化根源的新线索不断涌现，人们兴奋不已。这项技术的很多内容复杂且令人困惑，但外科医生对此应该有一定的背景了解，因为临床医生可能很快就能在日常实践中运用这项基础科学研究的成果。这篇综述文章试图解释癌基因发现的背景、它们的作用方式，以及该技术未来如何在战胜癌症的斗争中用于临床。
