Lin Xiaoming, Gong Lizhen, Gou Yajia, Liu Yi, Mao Sai, Chen Shun, Liu Mafeng, Zhu Dekang, Wang Mingshu, Jia Renyong, Zhang Shaqiu, Wu Ying, Huang Juan, Tian Bin, Yang Qiao, Zhao Xinxin, Cheng Anchun, Ou Xumin
Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 16;20(6):e0324682. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0324682. eCollection 2025.
Currently, five types of duck hepatitis viruses have been documented, and they are all associated with liver disorders. However, the prevalence of their coinfections involving these viruses remains largely uncertain. Herein, we screened the prevalence of the five types of hepatitis viruses from A to E in 143 samples of diseased duck livers during 2019-2021 in Southwest China. We found the highest infection ratio (86.01%, 123/143) of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) among all five types of hepatitis viruses. Importantly, a large portion of DHBV-associated coinfections were identified, with 52.85% (65/123) co-infected with Duck Hepatitis A virus (DHAV), 39.84% (49/123) with tentative Duck Hepatitis D virus (DHDV), and 34.96% (43/123) with Duck Hepatitis E virus (DHEV), respectively. Interestingly, a positive correlation between the DHBV-positive rate and the infection rates of the other co-infected hepatitis viruses was revealed, suggesting the importance of DHBV in duck hepatitis virus co-infection events. To understand the situation of bacterial secondary infection, the prevalence of bacterial infection was simultaneously screened using standard 16S rRNA PCR, and hepatitis virus-associated bacterial infections were observed. Collectively, these findings revealed a high prevalence of DHBV-related coinfections and its association with the coinfection of the other duck hepatitis viruses and bacteria. In the future, it is important to study the impact of DHBV co-infection events on disease severity, thereby evaluating the necessity of vaccine development for DHBV.
目前，已记录了五种鸭肝炎病毒，它们均与肝脏疾病有关。然而，这些病毒共同感染的流行情况在很大程度上仍不确定。在此，我们对2019 - 2021年中国西南部143份患病鸭肝脏样本中A至E型五种肝炎病毒的流行情况进行了筛查。我们发现，在所有五种肝炎病毒中，鸭乙型肝炎病毒（DHBV）的感染率最高（86.01%，123/143）。重要的是，我们发现了很大一部分与DHBV相关的共同感染情况，分别有52.85%（65/123）与甲型鸭肝炎病毒（DHAV）共同感染，39.84%（49/123）与暂定的丁型鸭肝炎病毒（DHDV）共同感染，以及34.96%（43/123）与戊型鸭肝炎病毒（DHEV）共同感染。有趣的是，DHBV阳性率与其他共同感染的肝炎病毒感染率之间呈现正相关，这表明DHBV在鸭肝炎病毒共同感染事件中具有重要作用。为了解细菌继发感染的情况，我们同时使用标准的16S rRNA PCR筛查了细菌感染的流行情况，并观察到了与肝炎病毒相关的细菌感染。总体而言，这些发现揭示了与DHBV相关的共同感染的高流行率及其与其他鸭肝炎病毒和细菌共同感染的关联。未来，研究DHBV共同感染事件对疾病严重程度的影响，从而评估开发DHBV疫苗的必要性具有重要意义。
