Orchard T J, Rosenbloom A L
Diabetes Care. 1985 Sep-Oct;8 Suppl 1:45-50. doi: 10.2337/diacare.8.1.s45.
Relatives of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) carry an increased risk of developing IDDM. A number of studies that focus on the development of IDDM in such relatives, and the metabolic, immunologic, and viral factors involved are reviewed. These studies indicate that the destructive process in the beta-cells goes on for varying and often extended periods before the development of clinical disease. Thus, the events surrounding the time of clinical diagnosis may be of importance only as triggering mechanisms. Future studies may, therefore, be better directed toward long-term surveillance of the metabolic, viral, and immunologic status of first-degree relatives of IDDM subjects and the associations of these factors with genetic influences such as HLA-DR types or subtypes.
胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）患者的亲属患IDDM的风险增加。本文综述了一些针对此类亲属中IDDM发病情况以及相关代谢、免疫和病毒因素的研究。这些研究表明，在临床疾病发生之前，β细胞的破坏过程会持续不同时长且往往较长时间。因此，临床诊断时周围发生的事件可能仅作为触发机制才具有重要性。所以，未来的研究可能更好地针对对IDDM患者一级亲属的代谢、病毒和免疫状态进行长期监测，以及这些因素与诸如HLA - DR类型或亚型等遗传影响之间的关联。
