Wang Jinna, Xia Jun, Zhang Wenrong, Li Tianqi, Luo Mingyu, Liu Qinmei, Guo Junxiang, Sun Jimin, Gong Zhenyu, Jiang Jianmin
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China.
Zhejiang Patriotic Health Development Center, Hangzhou, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Jun 6;12:1445755. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1445755. eCollection 2025.
This study aimed to develop the relevant criterion of pilot program of the "Four Pest-Free Village"(FPFV) and to further investigate the effects on vector control in Zhejiang Province.
The criterion of the FPFV was developed based on actual pilot experience and expert consultations. Vector density surveillance was conducted in all 11 prefecture-level cities of Zhejiang Province, including two FPFV and two control villages for each city. The CDC light trap method and Breteau Index (BI) method were used to monitor the density of mosquito. The fly trap method, night trapping method, and sticky board method were used to monitor the density of fly, rodent, and cockroach, respectively. Surveillance for mosquitoes and flies was conducted monthly from April to November 2023. Rodent and cockroach monitoring was conducted every odd month. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for data analysis.
The FPFV evaluation covered village organization management, health education, vector integrated control method, vector surveillance, and vector density control levels. A village could be named FPFV if the whole scored over 80 points. The (91.03%) was major species of mosquitoes; the total BI was 14.25; the (31.97%) and (31.41%) were major species of flies; the (38.56%) was major species of rodents; the (65.68%) was major species of cockroaches in rural areas of Zhejiang Province. All the vector densities investigated in the FPFV were lower than controls, including the adult mosquitoes (2.32 vs. 4.87 mosquitoes per trap-night), mosquito larvae (BI: 9.70 vs. 19.41), flies (1.32 vs. 2.17 flies per trap), rodents (0.41 vs. 0.84 rodents per 100 trap-nights), and cockroaches (the cockroach capture rate: 1.77% vs. 5.87%), and all the results were statistically significant ( ≤ 0.05).
The findings from this study indicated that the FPFV was suitable for rural areas, and the method of sustainable vector management strategies was practical and reliable. Vector density in the FPFV could be controlled at a low level for a relatively long time than control village, which could greatly reduce the harassment of vector species on the population and the spread of related diseases.
本研究旨在制定“四无村”试点项目的相关标准，并进一步调查其在浙江省病媒生物控制方面的效果。
基于实际试点经验和专家咨询制定“四无村”标准。在浙江省11个地级市开展病媒生物密度监测，每个市选取2个“四无村”和2个对照村。采用疾控中心诱蚊灯法和布雷图指数（BI）法监测蚊虫密度。分别采用诱蝇笼法、夜间诱捕法和粘捕法监测蝇类、鼠类和蟑螂的密度。2023年4月至11月每月进行蚊虫和蝇类监测。鼠类和蟑螂监测每奇数月进行一次。采用Kruskal-Wallis检验进行数据分析。
“四无村”评价涵盖村庄组织管理、健康教育、病媒生物综合防治方法、病媒生物监测以及病媒生物密度控制水平。一个村庄总分超过80分即可被命名为“四无村”。淡色库蚊（91.03%）为蚊虫主要种类；总布雷图指数为14.25；丝光绿蝇（31.97%）和大头金蝇（31.41%）为蝇类主要种类；褐家鼠（38.56%）为鼠类主要种类；德国小蠊（65.68%）为浙江省农村地区蟑螂主要种类。“四无村”调查的所有病媒生物密度均低于对照村，包括成蚊（每灯诱捕夜2.32只 vs. 4.87只）、蚊幼虫（布雷图指数：9.70 vs. 19.41）、蝇类（每笼诱捕数1.32只 vs. 2.17只）、鼠类（每100夹夜0.41只 vs. 0.84只）和蟑螂（蟑螂捕获率：1.77% vs. 5.87%），且所有结果均具有统计学意义（P≤0.05）。
本研究结果表明，“四无村”适用于农村地区，可持续病媒生物管理策略方法切实可行且可靠。与对照村相比，“四无村”的病媒生物密度能在较长时间内控制在较低水平，可大大减少病媒生物对人群的骚扰以及相关疾病的传播。
