Li Jixu, Qin Qi, Zhu Yiran, Qian Yulu, Yin Jialu, Gao Xin, Wen Huijuan, Wang Pei
Department of Cardiology Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China.
Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Jun 22;13(6):e70424. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70424. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a disorder characterized by severe unexplained fatigue and is associated with various factors including infections, immune responses, genetics, and environmental influences. However, the underlying mechanisms and possible interventions for CFS remain unclear. We used a two-mediated MR method to investigate causal relationships between diet, lipid levels, immune cells, and CFS. Our findings suggest that certain lipids, specifically low-density cholesterol, apolipoprotein E, and apolipoprotein B, contribute to CFS development. Conversely, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 may delay the onset of the syndrome. Additionally, we explored how lipids affect fatigue through immune cell mediation. Factors, such as hematopoietic stem cell absolute count, the percentage of CD3-natural killer lymphocytes, and IgD presence on IgD+ CD38+ B cells may mediate the causal pathway linking lipids to CFS. Furthermore, we examined the relationship between diet, lipids, and CFS. This indicated that specific dietary selections, like alcohol intake, a preference for chili peppers, and an affinity for breakfast, contributed to CFS. Conversely, cheese and pork consumption were protective factors against CFS. The protective effect of cheese consumption on CFS was mediated by apolipoprotein A1 and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In conclusion, the study established an ecological chain: cheese consumption leads to increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and alters immune cell phenotypes-specifically, increasing the percentage of CD3-lymphocytes and IgD on IgD+ CD38+ B cells-ultimately influencing the development of CFS. These findings enhance our understanding of how lipid levels and immune factors are related to CFS and how dietary choices can potentially mitigate the syndrome.
慢性疲劳综合征（CFS）是一种以严重的不明原因疲劳为特征的疾病，与多种因素有关，包括感染、免疫反应、遗传和环境影响。然而，CFS的潜在机制和可能的干预措施仍不清楚。我们使用了一种双介导的孟德尔随机化（MR）方法来研究饮食、血脂水平、免疫细胞和CFS之间的因果关系。我们的研究结果表明，某些脂质，特别是低密度胆固醇、载脂蛋白E和载脂蛋白B，促成了CFS的发展。相反，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白A1可能会延迟该综合征的发作。此外，我们还探讨了脂质如何通过免疫细胞介导影响疲劳。造血干细胞绝对计数、CD3⁻自然杀伤淋巴细胞百分比以及IgD⁺CD38⁺B细胞上IgD的存在等因素可能介导了将脂质与CFS联系起来的因果途径。此外，我们还研究了饮食、脂质和CFS之间的关系。这表明特定的饮食选择，如饮酒、对辣椒的偏好和对早餐的喜好，都与CFS有关。相反，食用奶酪和猪肉是预防CFS的保护因素。食用奶酪对CFS的保护作用是由载脂蛋白A1和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇介导的。总之，该研究建立了一个生态链：食用奶酪会导致高密度脂蛋白胆固醇增加，并改变免疫细胞表型——具体来说，增加CD3⁻淋巴细胞的百分比和IgD⁺CD38⁺B细胞上的IgD——最终影响CFS的发展。这些发现加深了我们对血脂水平和免疫因素如何与CFS相关以及饮食选择如何潜在减轻该综合征的理解。
