Augusto Diêgo, Chmura Paweł, Vasconcellos Fabrício
Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Post- graduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Laboratory of soccer Studies (LABESFUT), State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Department of Team Games, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
Int J Biometeorol. 2025 Aug;69(8):2045-2051. doi: 10.1007/s00484-025-02950-3. Epub 2025 Jun 25.
In recent years, heat stress has represented an increasing risk to players. Thus, studies involving outdoor sports and high temperatures have been conducted on athletes' performances. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ambient temperature on the running dynamics of professional soccer players during a Brasileirão Série A season. Thirty matches were analyzed from 20 professional soccer players during the 2019 Brazilian Elite Championship. To quantify running dynamics during soccer matches, players used GPS device units. Ambient temperatures were classified by the k-means Cluster method into three groups: low (14.1-20.9 C), moderate (21-28.4 C) and high (29.5-35.9 C). Our main finding was that the 1-minute peak of acceleration (p = 0.02) and deceleration distance (p = 0.03) was greater in high temperature situations. In matches with low temperatures, distance in accelerations, decelerations, high-intensity running, and sprinting were greater (p = 0.01-0.02). Significant correlations, negative and low, were found for sprinting (r = - 0.23; p = 0.01), acceleration (r= -0.29; p = 0.001) and deceleration (r= -0.24; r = 0.007) with ambient temperature. These results may be of genuine practical interest to different sectors of soccer, and changes can be made to maintain the intensity and the players' health.
近年来，热应激对运动员构成的风险日益增加。因此，针对高温环境下的户外运动开展了多项关于运动员表现的研究。本研究旨在调查巴西足球甲级联赛赛季期间环境温度对职业足球运动员跑步动态的影响。分析了2019年巴西精英锦标赛期间20名职业足球运动员的30场比赛。为了量化足球比赛中的跑步动态，运动员使用了GPS设备。通过k均值聚类法将环境温度分为三组：低温（14.1 - 20.9摄氏度）、中度（21 - 28.4摄氏度）和高温（29.5 - 35.9摄氏度）。我们的主要发现是，在高温情况下，1分钟的加速度峰值（p = 0.02）和减速距离（p = 0.03）更大。在低温比赛中，加速、减速、高强度跑步和冲刺的距离更大（p = 0.01 - 0.02）。发现冲刺（r = - 0.23；p = 0.01）、加速度（r = - 0.29；p = 0.001）和减速（r = - 0.24；r = 0.007）与环境温度之间存在显著的负相关且相关性较低。这些结果可能对足球界的不同部门具有真正的实际意义，并且可以做出改变以维持比赛强度和运动员的健康。
