Busayli Abdulrahman M, Xu Wenhua, Raffah Ghaidaa A, Chen Gang
Department Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia.
Biology (Basel). 2025 May 23;14(6):593. doi: 10.3390/biology14060593.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a significant public health issue that affects children. It results from ethanol exposure during pregnancy, leading to considerable physical, neurodevelopmental, behavioral, and cognitive deficits. The exact mechanism is not well understood. Recently, considerable attention has been focused on the influence of gut microbiome on brain development through the gut-brain axis. Changes in the gut microbiome resulting from ethanol exposure may contribute to the pathology of FASD, potentially involving neuroinflammation. This literature review summarizes the existing research and primary animal studies on the impact of early ethanol exposure on the gut microbiome, neuroinflammation, brain development, and behavioral consequences. The evidence suggests that early ethanol exposure alters the gut microbiome, which may induce neuroinflammation, brain damage, and cognitive impairment. However, a clear causal relationship among these factors remains to be fully elucidated.
胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）是一个影响儿童的重大公共卫生问题。它是由孕期接触乙醇所致，会导致相当多的身体、神经发育、行为和认知缺陷。确切机制尚不清楚。最近，相当多的注意力集中在肠道微生物群通过肠-脑轴对大脑发育的影响上。乙醇暴露导致的肠道微生物群变化可能会促成FASD的病理过程，可能涉及神经炎症。这篇文献综述总结了关于早期乙醇暴露对肠道微生物群、神经炎症、大脑发育和行为后果影响的现有研究及主要动物研究。证据表明，早期乙醇暴露会改变肠道微生物群，这可能会诱发神经炎症、脑损伤和认知障碍。然而，这些因素之间明确的因果关系仍有待充分阐明。
