Uwamahoro Bibiane, Munyanshongore Cyprien, Ndagijimana Albert, Benemariya Noella, Habtu Michael, Ntaganira Joseph
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci. 2023 Mar 28;6(1):36-42. doi: 10.4314/rjmhs.v6i1.5. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Severe malaria is a key global public health issue, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, which accounts for over 80% of global malaria deaths. Rwanda has experienced about 11-fold annual increase in reported malaria cases since 2012 to 2016. Severe malaria accounted for 13,092 cases in 2015 to 17,248 cases in 2016.
To determine factors associated with severe malaria among patients under reference to Gihundwe and Mibilizi Hospitals.
A cross-sectional study that included 228 febrile patients diagnosed with malaria at Gihundwe and Mibilizi Hospitals was conducted. Data were collected from patients' files. Logistic regressions were computed to establish determinants of severe anemia. Odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence level (CI) and p-value were reported.
The proportion of severe malaria was 64.03%. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that patients under five years (aOR = 8.169; 95%CI = 3.646-18.304); being males (aOR = 2.539; 95%CI = 1.299-4.965); farmers (aOR = 2.757; 95%CI = 1.339-5.678) and limited access to health facilities (aOR = 2.740: 95%CI = 1.038-7.232) were the main factors associated with severe malaria.
Severe malaria was high with various associated factors. There is a need to strengthen malaria control and prevention interventions for young children, men and farmers. Furthermore, beside public health interventions, health facilities should be accessible to people residing in malaria endemic areas.
重症疟疾是一个关键的全球公共卫生问题，尤其是在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，该地区占全球疟疾死亡人数的80%以上。自2012年至2016年，卢旺达报告的疟疾病例每年增长约11倍。2015年重症疟疾病例为13092例，2016年为17248例。
确定吉洪德韦医院和米比利齐医院转诊患者中与重症疟疾相关的因素。
开展了一项横断面研究，纳入了在吉洪德韦医院和米比利齐医院被诊断为疟疾的228名发热患者。从患者病历中收集数据。计算逻辑回归以确定严重贫血的决定因素。报告了比值比（OR）、95%置信区间（CI）和p值。
重症疟疾的比例为64.03%。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，五岁以下患者（调整后比值比 = 8.169；95%置信区间 = 3.646 - 18.304）；男性（调整后比值比 = 2.539；95%置信区间 = 1.299 - 4.965）；农民（调整后比值比 = 2.757；95%置信区间 = 1.339 - 5.678）以及获得卫生设施的机会有限（调整后比值比 = 2.740：95%置信区间 = 1.038 - 7.232）是与重症疟疾相关的主要因素。
重症疟疾发病率较高且存在多种相关因素。有必要加强针对幼儿、男性和农民的疟疾控制和预防干预措施。此外，除了公共卫生干预措施外，疟疾流行地区的居民应能够获得卫生设施服务。
