Tarr B D, Winters L J, Moore M P, Cowell R L, Hayton W L
J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1985 Sep;8(3):254-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.1985.tb00954.x.
A pharmacokinetic study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of lower doses of ethanol in the treatment of ethylene glycol (EG) poisoning. Four dogs were maintained at serum ethanol concentrations of 0, 35 and 140 mg/dl prior to EG (i.v., 2 ml/kg) administration. The serum EG concentration-time data showed that the 35 mg/dl ethanol level provided as effective an inhibition of EG metabolism as did the 140 mg/dl level. The average urinary excretion rate of oxalic acid post EG administration was reduced to control levels by ethanol. The 35 mg/dl serum ethanol level reduced the total body clearance of EG from 93.9 to 50.0 ml/h/kg and increased the effective half-life from 5.78 to 11.4 h. Clinical testing was accomplished by giving the dogs 12 ml EG/kg body weight orally. One hour later, the dogs were either not treated or treated with a sodium bicarbonate-ethanol solution to obtain a serum ethanol concentration of 50 mg/dl. The clinical test performed in the ethanol-treated dogs showed little change from normal limits. Urine calcium oxalate crystals were seldom found. The dogs given EG (12 ml/kg) but not treated with ethanol were in a coma at 13 h and showed severe metabolic acidosis, dehydration, mild hepatocellular disease and acute renal damage. Urine calcium oxalate crystals were found in high numbers. The rapid death associated with EG poisoning appeared to be due to metabolic acidosis in combination with dehydration.
进行了一项药代动力学研究，以确定较低剂量乙醇治疗乙二醇（EG）中毒的有效性。在静脉注射EG（2 ml/kg）之前，将四只狗的血清乙醇浓度维持在0、35和140 mg/dl。血清EG浓度-时间数据表明，35 mg/dl的乙醇水平对EG代谢的抑制作用与140 mg/dl的水平一样有效。乙醇使EG给药后草酸的平均尿排泄率降至对照水平。35 mg/dl的血清乙醇水平使EG的全身清除率从93.9降至50.0 ml/h/kg，并使有效半衰期从5.78小时增加到11.4小时。通过给狗口服12 ml EG/kg体重来完成临床试验。一小时后，对狗不进行治疗或用碳酸氢钠-乙醇溶液治疗，以使血清乙醇浓度达到50 mg/dl。在接受乙醇治疗的狗身上进行的临床试验显示，与正常范围相比变化不大。很少发现尿草酸钙晶体。给予EG（12 ml/kg）但未接受乙醇治疗的狗在13小时时昏迷，表现出严重的代谢性酸中毒、脱水、轻度肝细胞疾病和急性肾损伤。发现大量尿草酸钙晶体。与EG中毒相关的快速死亡似乎是由于代谢性酸中毒合并脱水。
