Wang Xiaoxue, Zhang Si, Chen Yun
School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212000, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jun 9;17(12):1607. doi: 10.3390/polym17121607.
Polyimine-based composites have emerged as a promising class of dynamic covalent thermosets, combining high mechanical strength, thermal stability, self-healing, recyclability, and reprocessability. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in polyimine synthesis, highlighting dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) strategies such as imine exchange and reversible Schiff base reactions. Structural customization can be achieved by incorporating reinforcing phases such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and bio-based fibers. Advanced fabrication methods-including solution casting, hot pressing, and interfacial polymerization-enable precise integration of these components while preserving structural integrity and adaptability. Mechanical performance analysis emphasizes the interplay between dynamic bonds, interfacial engineering, and multiscale design strategies. Polyimine composites exhibit outstanding performance characteristics, including a self-healing efficiency exceeding 90%, a tensile strength reaching 96.2 MPa, and remarkable chemical recyclability. Emerging engineering applications encompass sustainable green materials, flexible electronics, energy storage devices, and flame-retardant systems. Key challenges include balancing multifunctionality, enhancing large-scale processability, and developing low-energy recycling strategies. Future efforts should focus on interfacial optimization and network adaptivity to accelerate the industrial translation of polyimine composites, advancing next-generation sustainable materials.
基于聚亚胺的复合材料已成为一类很有前景的动态共价热固性材料，兼具高机械强度、热稳定性、自修复性、可回收性和可再加工性。本综述系统总结了聚亚胺合成的最新进展，重点介绍了动态共价化学（DCC）策略，如亚胺交换和可逆席夫碱反应。通过引入碳纳米管、石墨烯和生物基纤维等增强相，可以实现结构定制。先进的制造方法，包括溶液浇铸、热压和界面聚合，能够在保持结构完整性和适应性的同时，精确整合这些组分。力学性能分析强调了动态键、界面工程和多尺度设计策略之间的相互作用。聚亚胺复合材料表现出优异的性能特性，包括超过90%的自修复效率、96.2 MPa的拉伸强度以及显著的化学可回收性。新兴的工程应用包括可持续绿色材料、柔性电子器件、储能装置和阻燃系统。关键挑战包括平衡多功能性、提高大规模可加工性以及开发低能耗回收策略。未来的工作应集中在界面优化和网络适应性上，以加速聚亚胺复合材料的工业转化，推动下一代可持续材料的发展。
