Jiang Shan, Malinao Marigold G, Yang Fan, Zeng Yushun, Hou Silky S, Wu Xiang, Rommelfanger Nicholas J, Chaunsali Lata, Ding Jun, Chen Xiaoke, Zhou Qifa, Sontheimer Harald, Hong Guosong
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Res Sq. 2025 Jun 19:rs.3.rs-6773130. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6773130/v1.
Biological systems operate across distributed regions with fast, localized dynamics, yet existing biointerfaces fail short in providing both high spatiotemporal precision and the ability to dynamically target any region without disturbing surrounding tissue. Here, we present an deep-tissue light source based on focused ultrasound (FUS) scanning of mechanoluminescent nanotransducers (MLNTs) circulating through the vasculature. We demonstrate the programmability of this approach in tissue-mimicking phantoms and the endogenous circulatory system of animals, where tunable spatial resolution and dynamic light patterning can be achieved. We validate the functionality of the ultrasound-scanning light source in opsin-expressing neurons through electrophysiological recordings and immunostaining. We showcase dynamic three-dimensional brain targeting and temporally resolved behavioral control in freely moving animals via the ultrasound-scanning light source. This non-invasive deep-tissue light source offers a versatile strategy for body-wide optical interfacing.
生物系统在具有快速、局部动力学的分布式区域中运行，但现有的生物接口在提供高时空精度以及在不干扰周围组织的情况下动态靶向任何区域的能力方面存在不足。在此，我们展示了一种基于聚焦超声（FUS）扫描循环通过脉管系统的机械发光纳米换能器（MLNTs）的深部组织光源。我们在组织模拟体模和动物的内源性循环系统中证明了这种方法的可编程性，在其中可以实现可调空间分辨率和动态光图案化。我们通过电生理记录和免疫染色验证了超声扫描光源在表达视蛋白的神经元中的功能。我们通过超声扫描光源展示了在自由移动动物中的动态三维脑靶向和时间分辨行为控制。这种非侵入性深部组织光源为全身光学接口提供了一种通用策略。
