Xu Tiefeng, Meng Xiaofang, Zheng Fangfang, Zhang Yiduo, Wu Xin, Li Mingyang
College of Information and Electric Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
Funshun Power Supply Company of State Grid, Fushun, 113008, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):20416. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-01083-2.
In view of the negative impact on the stable operation of the system caused by the disorderly charging of large-scale electric vehicles connected to the microgrid, an optimization method for the operation of microgrid considering the impact of electric vehicles is proposed. Based on the traditional microgrid, a grid-connected microgrid system with electric vehicles is designed, and the system is studied. Based on Monte Carlo simulation method, the load model of disorderly charging and orderly charging and discharging of electric vehicles is constructed. According to the influence of disorderly charging of electric vehicles, an orderly charging and discharging strategy at time-of-use price is proposed. Taking the minimum total operating cost and the minimum peak-valley difference of the microgrid in one day as the optimization objective, and considering many constraints such as power balance constraints and output constraints of distributed generation units, the multi-objective optimization function is transformed into a single-objective optimization function by linear weighting method, and the model is solved by particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally, taking the typical daily load data of a micro-grid in a certain area as an example, the comparative results of economic cost and load curve after three scenarios optimization, namely, no EV access, EV access disorderly charging and discharging, are obtained respectively. The calculation results show that the orderly charging and discharging of electric vehicles access to the grid can effectively improve the utilization rate of clean energy, reduce the operating cost and the peak-valley difference of load, and have good practical value.
针对大规模电动汽车接入微电网无序充电对系统稳定运行造成的负面影响，提出一种考虑电动汽车影响的微电网运行优化方法。在传统微电网基础上，设计了含电动汽车的并网微电网系统，并对该系统进行研究。基于蒙特卡洛模拟方法，构建了电动汽车无序充电和有序充放电的负荷模型。根据电动汽车无序充电的影响，提出一种分时电价下的有序充放电策略。以微电网一天内的总运行成本最小和峰谷差最小为优化目标，考虑功率平衡约束、分布式发电单元输出约束等诸多约束条件，采用线性加权法将多目标优化函数转化为单目标优化函数，并利用粒子群优化算法求解该模型。最后，以某地区一个微电网的典型日负荷数据为例，分别得出无电动汽车接入、电动汽车接入无序充放电、电动汽车接入有序充放电三种场景优化后的经济成本和负荷曲线对比结果。计算结果表明，电动汽车接入电网有序充放电能有效提高清洁能源利用率，降低运行成本和负荷峰谷差，具有良好的实用价值。
