Nourzadeh Nasser, Rahimi Asghar, Dadrasi Amir
Genetics and Plant Production Department, Agricultural College, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Kerman, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21855. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-08363-x.
Sesame is a vital oilseed crop that is valued for its high-quality oil and nutritious seeds. It is imperative to enhance sesame yields through fertilization, yet it is equally crucial to understand the environmental impacts of these practices if sustainable production is to be achieved. The present study evaluated the environmental effects of various fertilization treatments (bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, chemical fertilisers, and their combinations) under normal and drought stress conditions using a life cycle assessment (LCA) following ISO 14,040 and ISO 14,044 standards. The research was conducted in 2022 at two farms in Rodan city, Hormozgan province, Iran. The IMPACT 2002 + method was employed to assess the impacts across 16 scenarios for producing one ton of sesame seed. The findings of the study indicated that the utilisation of chemical fertilisers (NPK) in conjunction with standard irrigation practices resulted in the most significant environmental impacts, particularly with regard to human health. In contrast, the control treatment subjected to drought stress exhibited the least detrimental outcomes. The implementation of low-input and organic management practices, including the reduction of nitrogen fertilisers and the incorporation of biofertilisers or nitrogen-fixing crops, has been demonstrated to significantly mitigate environmental impacts. However, it should be noted that these practices have also been shown to result in a reduction in crop yields. These findings underscore the potential of biofertilizers and drought stress management to promote sustainable sesame production, offering valuable insights for policymakers and farmers seeking to balance productivity with environmental stewardship.
芝麻是一种重要的油料作物，因其高品质的油和营养丰富的种子而受到重视。通过施肥提高芝麻产量至关重要，但如果要实现可持续生产，了解这些做法对环境的影响同样关键。本研究按照ISO 14040和ISO 14044标准，采用生命周期评估（LCA）方法，评估了正常和干旱胁迫条件下各种施肥处理（细菌、菌根真菌、化肥及其组合）对环境的影响。该研究于2022年在伊朗霍尔木兹甘省罗丹市的两个农场进行。采用IMPACT 2002+方法评估了生产一吨芝麻种子的16种情景下的影响。研究结果表明，在标准灌溉条件下使用化肥（氮磷钾）对环境影响最大，尤其是对人类健康。相比之下，遭受干旱胁迫的对照处理产生的不利影响最小。事实证明，实施低投入和有机管理措施，包括减少氮肥用量以及添加生物肥料或种植固氮作物，可显著减轻环境影响。然而，需要注意的是，这些措施也会导致作物产量下降。这些发现强调了生物肥料和干旱胁迫管理对促进芝麻可持续生产的潜力，为寻求平衡生产力与环境管理的政策制定者和农民提供了宝贵的见解。
