Halapy Júlia, Šnábel Viliam, Antolová Daniela, Cavallero Serena, Guimarães Nuno F, Ďurová Jana, Štofík Jozef
Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia.
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 001 85, Rome, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):22590. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06993-9.
European wolf populations have expanded their distribution ranges in recent decades and their spatial behaviour may contribute to the spread of Echinococcus spp. across Europe. In this study, the occurrence of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato was monitored in the faecal samples from grey wolves from areas covering the substantial part of their range in Slovakia. Samples were collected from several geographical areas, including Poloniny National Park in the easternmost part of the country, as well as Muráň Plateau National Park, the Vepor Mountains and the Poľana Protected Landscape Area in central Slovakia. The overall occurrence of the parasite in 112 samples collected between 2014 and 2017 was 5.4%. Echinococcus canadensis (genotype G7), the main causative agent of human cystic echinococcosis in Central Europe, was confirmed in all six positive faeces through sequence analysis of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. Geographically, five positive samples were derived from the Vepor Mountains and one from the Poľana Protected Landscape Area. The occurrence of E. canadensis G7, the primary cause of human cystic echinococcosis in Central Europe, in wolves in Slovakia indicates its presence in a sylvatic cycle, which may contribute to sustaining its circulation within the country.
近几十年来，欧洲狼的分布范围不断扩大，其空间行为可能促使棘球绦虫属在欧洲传播。在本研究中，对斯洛伐克境内狼分布范围大部分地区的灰狼粪便样本进行监测，以了解细粒棘球绦虫复合种的感染情况。样本采集自多个地理区域，包括该国最东部的波洛尼尼国家公园，以及斯洛伐克中部的穆拉尼高原国家公园、韦普山脉和波拉纳保护区。2014年至2017年间采集的112份样本中，该寄生虫的总体感染率为5.4%。通过线粒体12S rRNA基因序列分析，在所有6份阳性粪便样本中均确认了加拿大棘球绦虫（基因型G7），它是中欧人类囊性棘球蚴病的主要病原体。从地理分布来看，5份阳性样本来自韦普山脉，1份来自波拉纳保护区。加拿大棘球绦虫G7在斯洛伐克狼体内出现，这是中欧人类囊性棘球蚴病的主要病因，表明其存在于野生动物循环中，这可能有助于其在该国持续传播。
