Li Tao, Tang Yanyan, Lin Zhengxi, Chen Baowei, Wang Jinghui, Li Qiang, Huang Furong, Zhang Juanyu, Liang Junjun, Zhang Haili, Liu Zehou, Li Jun, Yang Wuyun, Deng Guangbing, Long Hai
Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610213, China.
Chengdu Plain Agricultural Ecology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Deyang, Sichuan, 618400, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Jul 2;25(1):832. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06820-3.
Plant height (PH), as a key trait of plant architecture, is the embodiment of biomass accumulation and plays a critical role in determining wheat yield. Excavating diverse PH genes and understanding their pleiotropic effects on important agronomic traits are essential to enrich the PH gene pool and facilitate their further application in breeding.
In this study, five stable PH QTLs were identified on chromosome 2B, 4A, 4B, 5A and 6A in a double haploid (DH) population from the cross between two elite wheat cultivars, Chuanmai 42 and Kechengmai 1. The QPh.cib-4B and QPh.cib-6A were major QTL and had a significant additive effect on PH. The QPh.cib-4B was confirmed as the Rht-B1, and QPh.cib-6A might be a new QTL. The major QTLs were further validated in different genetic backgrounds using the Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers. Using near-isogenic lines (NILs), QPh.cib-6A was demonstrated to pleiotropically increase plant height (PH), thousand grain weight (TGW), and spike length (SL) without negatively affecting grain number per spike (GNS) or spikelet number per spike (SNS). In contrast, QPh.cib-4B exhibited significant effects on PH but had no influence on TGW, GNS, SL, or SNS. Notably, the frequency of elite haplotype of QPh.cib-6A remains relatively low in Chinese wheat varieties. Thus, the combination of QPh.cib-4B and QPh.cib-6A represents a promising genetic module with considerable potential for high-yield wheat breeding. Expression analysis in NILs and sequence characterization identified TraesCS6A02G234400 and TraesCS6A02G235300 as the candidate genes for QPh.cib-6A.
This study identified five QTLs for PH in wheat. Two major QTLs were further validated in different genetic backgrounds, and their genetic effects on yield-related traits were analyzed in near-isogenic lines (NILs) to evaluate their potential in wheat breeding. Taken together, our results advance our understanding of the genetic basis for PH and enrich the PH QTL pool.
Not applicable.
株高（PH）作为植物株型的关键性状，是生物量积累的体现，在决定小麦产量方面起着关键作用。挖掘不同的株高基因并了解它们对重要农艺性状的多效性影响，对于丰富株高基因库并促进其在育种中的进一步应用至关重要。
在本研究中，在两个优良小麦品种川麦42和科成麦1杂交的双单倍体（DH）群体中，在2B、4A、4B、5A和6A染色体上鉴定出五个稳定的株高QTL。QPh.cib-4B和QPh.cib-6A是主效QTL，对株高具有显著的加性效应。QPh.cib-4B被确认为Rht-B1，QPh.cib-6A可能是一个新的QTL。利用竞争性等位基因特异性PCR（KASP）标记在不同遗传背景下对主效QTL进行了进一步验证。利用近等基因系（NIL），证明QPh.cib-6A多效性地增加了株高（PH）、千粒重（TGW）和穗长（SL），而不会对每穗粒数（GNS）或每穗小穗数（SNS）产生负面影响。相比之下，QPh.cib-4B对株高有显著影响，但对TGW、GNS、SL或SNS没有影响。值得注意的是，QPh.cib-6A的优良单倍型在中国小麦品种中的频率仍然相对较低。因此，QPh.cib-4B和QPh.cib-6A的组合代表了一个有前景的遗传模块，在高产小麦育种中具有相当大的潜力。在NIL中的表达分析和序列特征鉴定确定TraesCS6A02G234400和TraesCS6A02G235300为QPh.cib-6A的候选基因。
本研究鉴定了小麦中五个株高QTL。在不同遗传背景下进一步验证了两个主效QTL，并在近等基因系（NIL）中分析了它们对产量相关性状的遗传效应，以评估它们在小麦育种中的潜力。综上所述，我们的结果推进了我们对株高遗传基础的理解，并丰富了株高QTL库。
不适用。
