Khan Ismail, Tariq Muhammad, Nadeem Faisal, Khan Muhammad Sadiq, Alharbi Sulaiman Ali, Alfarraj Saleh, Ercisli Sezai, Bozhuyuk Ayse Usanmaz, Zhuang Ping
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, The CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.
Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Jul 3;25(1):845. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06814-1.
Climate change has impacted plant community sustainability and increased the risk of plant invasion. Variable precipitation patterns and nitrogen (N) deposition rates have influenced plant community structure and productivity in different ecosystems. These factors have important implications for ecosystem functioning and biodiversity in the face of climate change. The current study investigates the effects of precipitation levels and N deposition rates with various cropping system on soil and the growth indices of native WC ( (Osbeck) Merr.) and invasive SC ( plants. Two different pot experiments were conducted in a greenhouse. In the first experiment, three levels of precipitation (low precipitation (PL), normal precipitation (PN) and high precipitation (PH); while in N deposition experiment: three levels of N deposition (N (no application), N (5 g m yr) and N (10 g m yr)) were evaluated with different cropping systems (bare pot as control (CK), invasive monocropping (SC), native monocropping (WC) and intercropping (SC ×WC)). Both experiments were executed in CRD-factorial design with five replications. During the experiment, soil chemical properties and growth index parameters were collected monthly. The precipitation experiment results showed that PL increased the soil NH-N content in the native monocropping system, While, the maximum NO-N content with application of PN as compared with control treatment (CK). Besides this, normal precipitation increased the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration with invasive monocropping by 59% and 70% during August and October month, respectively. Highest soil pH was recorded at combined application of normal precipitation and intercropping of native and invasive. The PN increased the growth index (chlorophyll content and plant height) and wet and dry biomass of shoots (53% and 45%) and roots (66% and 75%). Moreover, the maximum growth index and wet and dry biomass of shoots (49%) and roots (72% and 75%) were noticed in invasive monocropping cropping system. Furthermore, N depositions experiment results indicated that the addition of N (N) increased the concentration of NH-N in intercropping of native and invasive plants during October and December. Similarly, the higher rate of N deposition (N) increased the soil NO-N content in invasive monocropping during August and October. Whereas, appropriate application of N rate (N) in combination with invasive monocropping increased the TOC concentration by 44% in December. The addition of N enhanced the growth index and wet and dry biomass of the roots (65% and 54%) and shoots (70% and 55%). Overall, PN, and increased of N deposition rate (N favored the growth of invasive plants. This may increase the risk of plant invasion and have adverse impacts on native plants.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-025-06814-1.
气候变化已影响植物群落的可持续性，并增加了植物入侵的风险。降水模式和氮（N）沉降速率的变化影响了不同生态系统中的植物群落结构和生产力。面对气候变化，这些因素对生态系统功能和生物多样性具有重要影响。本研究调查了不同种植系统下的降水水平和氮沉降速率对土壤以及本土吴茱萸（Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth.）和入侵植物臭椿（Ailanthus altissima）生长指标的影响。在温室中进行了两个不同的盆栽实验。在第一个实验中，设置了三个降水水平（低降水（PL）、正常降水（PN）和高降水（PH））；而在氮沉降实验中，评估了三个氮沉降水平（不施氮（N0）、5 g m⁻² yr⁻¹（N1）和10 g m⁻² yr⁻¹（N2））与不同种植系统（裸盆作为对照（CK）、入侵植物单作（SC）、本土植物单作（WC）和间作（SC×WC））的组合。两个实验均采用完全随机区组析因设计，重复五次。在实验过程中，每月收集土壤化学性质和生长指标参数。降水实验结果表明，低降水增加了本土植物单作系统中的土壤铵态氮含量，而与对照处理（CK）相比，正常降水时硝态氮含量最高。除此之外，正常降水使入侵植物单作系统中的总有机碳（TOC）浓度在8月和10月分别增加了59%和70%。在正常降水与本土植物和入侵植物间作的组合处理下，土壤pH值最高。正常降水增加了生长指标（叶绿素含量和株高）以及地上部分（53%和45%）和地下部分（66%和75%）的湿重和干重生物量。此外，在入侵植物单作系统中，地上部分和地下部分的最大生长指标以及湿重和干重生物量分别为49%和72%、75%。此外，氮沉降实验结果表明，添加氮（N1）增加了10月和12月本土植物与入侵植物间作时的铵态氮浓度。同样，较高的氮沉降速率（N2）增加了8月和10月入侵植物单作时的土壤硝态氮含量。而在12月，将适量的氮（N1）与入侵植物单作相结合，使总有机碳浓度增加了44%。添加氮提高了地下部分（65%和54%）和地上部分（70%和55%）的生长指标以及湿重和干重生物量。总体而言，正常降水和增加氮沉降速率（N1和N2）有利于入侵植物的生长。这可能会增加植物入侵的风险，并对本土植物产生不利影响。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s12870-025-06814-1获取的补充材料。
