Emms H, Lewis G P
Br J Pharmacol. 1985 Nov;86(3):557-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb08931.x.
Platelet sensitivity to adenosine di-phosphate (ADP), thrombin, collagen, arachidonic acid and prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) and the activity of the coagulation system as measured by the activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, Russell's viper venom time and plasma fibrinogen have been examined in male and female rats, female rats during the oestrous cycle and female rats treated with oestrogen and a progestogen. Male rat platelets were less sensitive to thrombin and more sensitive to inhibition by PGI2 than those from females and fibrinogen levels in male rat plasma were approximately twice those seen in females. During the oestrous cycle, platelets were more sensitive to ADP and less sensitive to thrombin at dioestrus. Following 6 weeks treatment with 17 beta-oestradiol or ethynyl oestradiol, both platelet aggregation and release of granular ATP induced by collagen were significantly reduced. Platelet sensitivity to other agents, ADP, arachidonic acid, thrombin and PGI2 was, however, unchanged following oestrogen treatment. Activation of factor X by Russell's viper venom was accelerated in rats treated with ethynyl oestradiol, although this enhancement was not reflected in the overall clotting times.
通过活化部分凝血活酶时间、凝血酶原时间、罗素蝰蛇毒时间和血浆纤维蛋白原测定，研究了雄性和雌性大鼠、处于发情周期的雌性大鼠以及用雌激素和孕激素处理的雌性大鼠中血小板对二磷酸腺苷（ADP）、凝血酶、胶原、花生四烯酸和前列腺素I2（PGI2）的敏感性以及凝血系统的活性。雄性大鼠的血小板对凝血酶的敏感性低于雌性，对PGI2抑制作用的敏感性高于雌性，并且雄性大鼠血浆中的纤维蛋白原水平约为雌性的两倍。在发情周期中，血小板在动情后期对ADP更敏感，对凝血酶更不敏感。用17β-雌二醇或乙炔雌二醇治疗6周后，胶原诱导的血小板聚集和颗粒ATP释放均显著减少。然而，雌激素治疗后血小板对其他试剂（ADP、花生四烯酸、凝血酶和PGI2）的敏感性未发生变化。在用乙炔雌二醇治疗的大鼠中，罗素蝰蛇毒对因子X的激活加速，尽管这种增强并未反映在总体凝血时间上。
