Shan Yaqi, Wu Jihao, Cui Kai, Yang Juan
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Front Chem. 2025 Jun 25;13:1636525. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2025.1636525. eCollection 2025.
Ultrasensitive detection of () is important for early diagnosis of foodborne diseases. Current analytical techniques face limitations in performing label-free quantification of viable bacterial cells at single-cell resolution. Herein, a hybrid enhanced Raman scattering probe was constructed by assembling a layer of graphene and silver nanoparticles on a hexagonal ZnO microrod (ZnO/Graphene/AgNPs) for ultrasensitive analysis of pathogens directly. Ultimately, quantitative detection of was successfully carried out with excellent detectability from 1 cell mL to 1 × 10 cells mL. It provided a detection limit as low as 4.57 × 10 cell mL for . This can be attributed to the synergistic effect of different components, i.e., the ZnO microrod provides natural whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavity which enhances light-matter interaction through multiple total internal reflections, graphene assists charge transfer, and AgNPs produce surface plasmons. These three enhancement factors are integrated to achieve label-free ultrasensitive detection. This work highlights a label-free approach for a variety of clinically relevant biomolecules to achieve early diagnosis of the disease.
对（）进行超灵敏检测对于食源性疾病的早期诊断至关重要。当前的分析技术在以单细胞分辨率对活细菌细胞进行无标记定量分析方面面临局限性。在此，通过在六边形ZnO微棒上组装一层石墨烯和银纳米颗粒构建了一种混合增强拉曼散射探针（ZnO/石墨烯/银纳米颗粒），用于直接对病原体进行超灵敏分析。最终，成功实现了对（）的定量检测，检测限从1个细胞/毫升到1×10个细胞/毫升，具有出色的可检测性。对于（），其检测限低至4.57×10个细胞/毫升。这可归因于不同组分的协同效应，即ZnO微棒提供天然的回音壁模式（WGM）微腔，通过多次全内反射增强光与物质的相互作用，石墨烯协助电荷转移，银纳米颗粒产生表面等离子体。这三种增强因素相结合，实现了无标记超灵敏检测。这项工作突出了一种用于多种临床相关生物分子的无标记方法，以实现疾病的早期诊断。
