Feng Man, Li Jinxiu, Xie Fen, Chen Zhengying
Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
Jishou University School of Medicine, Jishou, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 25;13:1602466. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1602466. eCollection 2025.
With the increasing severity of population aging, the prevalence of chronic diseases and disabilities is rising, significantly impacting older people's activities of daily living (ADL), and overall quality of life. Social support plays a crucial role in maintaining their health, as higher levels of support are associated with better quality of life, while inadequate support can negatively affect cognitive function, and ADL. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between social support, cognitive function, and activities of daily living (ADL) in older people.
Between 2022 and 2023, 1,600 older people were selected for the survey using a multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method. Participants completed a questionnaire regarding demographics, social support, mini-mental state examination, and ADL. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the associations among social support, cognitive function, and ADL.
The results showed that 81.4% of older people had a medium level of social support, 53.1% had cognitive impairment, and 28.3% had impaired ADL. There was a positive correlation between social support and cognitive function ( = 0.168, < 0.001), a negative correlation between social support and ADL ( = -0.269, < 0.001); and a negative correlation between cognitive function and ADL ( = -0.142, < 0.001).
The social support of older people was at a medium level, the cognitive function level was low, and the rate of impairment of ADL was high. There was a significant correlation between social support, cognitive function, and ADL.
随着人口老龄化的日益严重，慢性病和残疾的患病率不断上升，对老年人的日常生活活动（ADL）和整体生活质量产生了重大影响。社会支持在维持他们的健康方面起着至关重要的作用，因为较高水平的支持与更好的生活质量相关，而支持不足则会对认知功能和ADL产生负面影响。因此，本研究旨在探讨老年人社会支持、认知功能和日常生活活动（ADL）之间的关系。
在2022年至2023年期间，采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法选取1600名老年人进行调查。参与者完成了一份关于人口统计学、社会支持、简易精神状态检查和ADL的问卷。采用Pearson相关分析来探讨社会支持、认知功能和ADL之间的关联。
结果显示，81.4%的老年人社会支持水平中等，53.1%有认知障碍，28.3%的ADL受损。社会支持与认知功能呈正相关（r = 0.168，P < 0.001），社会支持与ADL呈负相关（r = -0.269，P < 0.001）；认知功能与ADL呈负相关（r = -0.142，P < 0.001）。
老年人的社会支持处于中等水平，认知功能水平较低，ADL受损率较高。社会支持、认知功能和ADL之间存在显著相关性。
