Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Institute for Health & Aging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Alzheimers Dement. 2020 Aug;16(8):1125-1133. doi: 10.1002/alz.12102. Epub 2020 Jun 26.
There is limited research on difficulties with activities of daily living (I/ADLs) among older adults living alone with cognitive impairment, including differences by race/ethnicity.
For U.S. Health and Retirement Study (2000-2014) participants aged 55+ living alone with cognitive impairment (4,666 individuals; 9,091 observations), we evaluated I/ADL difficulty and help.
Among 4.3 million adults aged 55+ living alone with cognitive impairment, an estimated 46% reported an I/ADL difficulty; 72% reported not receiving help with an I/ADL. Women reported more difficulty than men. Compared to white women, black women were 22% more likely to report a difficulty without help, and Latina women were 36% more likely to report a difficulty with help. Among men, racial/ethnic differences in outcomes were not significant. Patterns of difficulty without help by race/ethnicity were similar among Medicaid beneficiaries.
Findings call for targeted efforts to support older adults living alone with cognitive impairment.
关于独居认知障碍老年人日常生活活动（I/ADLs）困难的研究有限，包括种族/民族差异。
对美国健康与退休研究（2000-2014 年）中年龄在 55 岁及以上、独居且认知障碍的参与者（4666 人；9091 次观察）进行评估，以了解 I/ADL 困难和帮助情况。
在 430 万 55 岁及以上独居且认知障碍的成年人中，估计有 46%的人报告存在 I/ADL 困难；72%的人报告没有接受过 I/ADL 帮助。女性报告的困难比男性多。与白人女性相比，黑人女性报告没有帮助的困难的可能性高 22%，而拉丁裔女性报告有帮助的困难的可能性高 36%。在男性中，种族/民族差异在结果上并不显著。不同种族/民族在没有帮助的困难模式上相似，在医疗补助受益人中也是如此。
研究结果呼吁有针对性地努力支持独居认知障碍的老年人。
