Mofidi-Nejad Maryam, Milajerdi Alireza, Hassanzadeh Keshteli Ammar, Afshar Hamid, Adibi Peyman, Khadem Alireza
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jul 10;44(1):247. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-00974-4.
No earlier study has examined the association between dairy intake and prevalence of depression and anxiety in Middle Eastern population.
This cross-sectional study was done to investigate the association between consumption of total dairy intake and prevalence of depression and anxiety in a large group of adult population in Isfahan, Iran.
Dairy intake was assessed for 3362 participants using a validated 106-item Willet-format dish-based semi-quantitative FFQ. A validated questionnaire of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to examine depression and anxiety. We defined scores of > 8 as depressed and anxious people in this analysis. Information about covariates were collected using pre-tested questionnaires.
Mean age of study population was 36.2, 58.3% of them were females. Participants in the highest quintile of dairy intake had a 40% lower chance for depression compared to those in the lowest quintile (OR = 0.60; 95%CI 0.47-0.76, P = 0.001) in crude model. This association remained significant after controlling for several confounders (0.57; 95%CI 0.40-0.80 P = 0.02). Although we observed a significant association between dairy intake and anxiety in crude model (OR: 0.63; 95%CI 0.46-0.87, P = 0.02), the association was not significant when we took into account potential confounders (0.63; 95%CI 0.39-1.00).
We found an inverse association between consumption of dairy products and depression but the results for anxiety were not significant. Further studies, in particular of prospective nature, are recommended to confirm our findings.
此前尚无研究探讨中东人群乳制品摄入量与抑郁和焦虑患病率之间的关联。
本横断面研究旨在调查伊朗伊斯法罕一大群成年人群中总乳制品摄入量与抑郁和焦虑患病率之间的关联。
使用经过验证的106项威尔特格式基于菜肴的半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）对3362名参与者的乳制品摄入量进行评估。使用经过验证的医院焦虑抑郁量表问卷来检查抑郁和焦虑情况。在本分析中，我们将得分>8分的人定义为抑郁和焦虑人群。使用预先测试的问卷收集协变量信息。
研究人群的平均年龄为36.2岁，其中58.3%为女性。在粗模型中，乳制品摄入量最高五分位数的参与者患抑郁症的几率比最低五分位数的参与者低40%（OR = 0.60；95%CI 0.47 - 0.76，P = 0.001）。在控制了几个混杂因素后，这种关联仍然显著（0.57；95%CI 0.40 - 0.80，P = 0.02）。尽管我们在粗模型中观察到乳制品摄入量与焦虑之间存在显著关联（OR：0.63；95%CI 0.46 - 0.87，P = 0.02），但在考虑潜在混杂因素后，这种关联并不显著（0.63；95%CI 0.39 - 1.00）。
我们发现乳制品消费与抑郁症之间存在负相关，但焦虑方面的结果并不显著。建议进一步开展研究，尤其是前瞻性研究，以证实我们的发现。
