Ibrahim Ahmed Mohammed, Hussein Nasra Ali, Ahmed Mohyadin Abdullahi, Wadajo Girma Tadesse, Osman Mohamed Omar, Yusuf Ramadan Budul, Muse Abdilahi Ibrahim, Abdilaahi Seid Muhumed, Place Raymond, Zinsstag Jakob
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.
PLoS One. 2025 Jul 11;20(7):e0327787. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0327787. eCollection 2025.
Fast food consumption is a growing public health concern and creates a burden of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases, especially among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable due to increasing autonomy and exposure to unhealthy fast food environments. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable due to increasing autonomy and exposure to unhealthy food environments.
To assess the prevalence of fast food consumption and associated factors among secondary school adolescents in Jigjiga town, Somali region, Eastern Ethiopia.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 419 participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique from six randomly selected secondary schools (2 public and 4 private schools). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data entry was done using Epi-Data 3.1 and then was analyzed with SPSS version 23.0. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors associated with fast food consumption. Variables with p-values <0.25 in bivariate analysis were included in the multivariable model. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% CIs were reported, and finally statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Model fit was calculated using Hosmer and Lemeshow's test, and multicollinearity was checked using the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF).
The prevalence of fast food consumption among adolescents was 49.2% (95% CI: 44.2, 54.1). Significant factors associated with consumption of fast food are being younger age (AOR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.30, 3.16), being male (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.25, 3.01), living with individuals other than parents (AOR = 2.58; 95% CI: 1.51, 4.39), availability of fast food at home (AOR = 2.03 95% CI: 1.31, 3.14), having pocket money ≥ 500 ETB (AOR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.12, 3.46), and being food insecure (AOR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.32, 3.28).
Fast food consumption among adolescents in the study area is high, with higher consumption. Younger age, male gender, living with individuals other than parents, availability of fast food at home, higher pocket money, and household food insecurity were significantly associated with fast food consumption. Community-based and school interventions are needed to promote healthy food-consuming habits and reduce the health risks associated with frequent fast food intake in the study area.
快餐消费日益引起公众对健康的关注，并造成营养不良和非传染性疾病负担，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家的青少年中。由于自主性增强以及接触不健康的快餐环境，青少年特别容易受到影响。青少年由于自主性增加和接触不健康的食物环境而特别容易受到影响。
评估埃塞俄比亚东部索马里州吉吉加镇中学生快餐消费的患病率及相关因素。
进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术从六所随机选择的中学（2所公立学校和4所私立学校）中选取了419名参与者。使用结构化问卷收集数据。数据录入使用Epi-Data 3.1完成，然后使用SPSS 23.0版本进行分析。计算描述性统计量，并进行逻辑回归分析以确定与快餐消费相关的因素。在双变量分析中p值<0.25的变量纳入多变量模型。报告调整后的比值比（AOR）及其95%置信区间，最后在p值<0.05时宣布具有统计学意义。使用Hosmer和Lemeshow检验计算模型拟合度，并使用方差膨胀因子（VIF）检查多重共线性。
青少年快餐消费的患病率为49.2%（95%置信区间：44.2，54.1）。与快餐消费相关的显著因素包括年龄较小（AOR = 2.02；95%置信区间：1.30，3.16）、男性（AOR = 1.94；95%置信区间：1.25，3.01）、与父母以外的人同住（AOR = 2.58；95%置信区间：1.51，4.39）、家中有快餐供应（AOR = 2.03，95%置信区间：1.31，3.14）、零花钱≥500埃塞俄比亚比尔（AOR = 1.97；95%置信区间：1.12，3.46）以及粮食不安全（AOR = 2.08；95%置信区间：1.32，3.28）。
研究区域青少年的快餐消费率较高。年龄较小、男性、与父母以外的人同住、家中有快餐供应、零花钱较高以及家庭粮食不安全与快餐消费显著相关。需要开展基于社区和学校的干预措施，以促进健康的饮食习惯，并降低研究区域频繁食用快餐相关的健康风险。
