Adekanmbi Victor, Berenson Abbey B, Shakir Batul, Hsu Christine D, Hoang Thao N, Sokale Itunu O, Sajobi Tolulope T, Guo Fangjian
Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Jun 24;17(13):2119. doi: 10.3390/cancers17132119.
Ovarian cancer remains the deadliest and leading cause of gynecological cancer-associated mortality in the US. The aim of this study was to characterize the trends in the incidence of ovarian cancer between premenopausal and postmenopausal women to inform future targeted interventions.
This population-based cross-sectional study analyzed data from the US Cancer Statistics (USCS) database, which covered the whole of the US population between 2001 and 2021. Joinpoint regression was used to compute the average annual percentage change (APC) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and age-standardized incidence rates per 1,000,000 population.
The results showed that the IR of ovarian cancer declined between 2001 and 2021. Postmenopausal women had greater decreases in the IR of ovarian cancer compared to premenopausal women who showed a small decline. When stratified by race/ethnicity, non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native women aged 20-49 years experienced an increase in the IR of ovarian cancer (APC = 2.4; 95% CI 0.9 to 4.1) compared to other racial/ethnic groups which showed a decline. Joinpoint trend analyses identified one inflection point in localized ovarian cancer incidence trends among all three age groups: an initial decline from 2001 to 2011 among women 20-49 years old and 65+ years old, and from 2001 to 2012 among women 50-64 years old, followed by an upward trend thereafter to 2021. Similarly, there was one inflection point in the IR of ovarian cancer for the clear cell and endometrioid types among women aged 20-49 years old.
The IR of ovarian cancer in the US declined significantly among postmenopausal compared to premenopausal women, for whom the IR of ovarian cancer decreased only slightly. Although encouraging, these findings show a need for continued efforts to improve early detection and prevention strategies to mitigate the burden of this deadly disease.
在美国，卵巢癌仍然是最致命的妇科癌症，也是妇科癌症相关死亡的主要原因。本研究的目的是描述绝经前和绝经后女性卵巢癌发病率的趋势，为未来的靶向干预提供依据。
这项基于人群的横断面研究分析了美国癌症统计（USCS）数据库的数据，该数据库涵盖了2001年至2021年的全美国人口。采用Joinpoint回归计算平均年度百分比变化（APC）及其95%置信区间（CI），以及每100万人口的年龄标准化发病率。
结果显示，2001年至2021年期间卵巢癌发病率下降。与绝经前女性卵巢癌发病率略有下降相比，绝经后女性卵巢癌发病率下降幅度更大。按种族/族裔分层时，20-49岁的非西班牙裔美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民女性卵巢癌发病率有所上升（APC = 2.4；95% CI 0.9至4.1），而其他种族/族裔群体则呈下降趋势。Joinpoint趋势分析确定了所有三个年龄组局部卵巢癌发病率趋势中的一个拐点：20-49岁和65岁以上女性在2001年至2011年期间最初下降，50-64岁女性在2001年至2012年期间下降，随后至2021年呈上升趋势。同样，20-49岁女性中透明细胞型和子宫内膜样型卵巢癌发病率也有一个拐点。
与绝经前女性相比，美国绝经后女性卵巢癌发病率显著下降，绝经前女性卵巢癌发病率仅略有下降。尽管这些发现令人鼓舞，但仍需要继续努力改进早期检测和预防策略，以减轻这种致命疾病的负担。
