Kozuharova Ekaterina, Malfa Giuseppe Antonio, Acquaviva Rosaria, Valdés Benito, Batovska Daniela, Stoycheva Christina, Rejdali Moh, Marino Pasquale, Spadaro Vivienne
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University-Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jun 30;14(13):2006. doi: 10.3390/plants14132006.
Mediterranean countries represent a dynamic hub of cultural exchange, where wild plants play a significant role in culinary traditions. A substantial number of these plants belong to the Asteraceae family. The climate similarities across the region contribute to the common distribution ranges of the plants. While many species are widely distributed, others are confined to specific subregions, such as the western Mediterranean, eastern Mediterranean, or North Africa. Only six taxa of the traditionally consumed wild Asteraceae plants are endemic to just one country. This review focuses on wild plants from the Asteraceae family traditionally used as food across 13 study sites, comprising 11 countries in the Mediterranean and adjacent territories, including both mainland areas and three islands. The objective is to identify and analyze patterns of native distribution in relation to actual consumption. As a result, 167 edible wild plants from the Asteraceae family were identified. Their patterns of distribution and consumption are described and analyzed. The highest number of these edible wild plants from the Asteraceae family is consumed in Spain ( = 65), followed by southern Italy ( = 44) and Morocco ( = 32). A similar pattern of consumption is seen in Turkey ( = 24), Sicily ( = 23), Jordan and Palestine ( = 21), and Bulgaria ( = 21). It is notable that 106 plants are used as food in one particular country only, although most of them are distributed in several other countries. Many of the species consumed in certain countries are not used by neighboring populations, highlighting a limited cross-border transmission of ethnobotanical knowledge. The findings from a Jaccard index statistical analysis are discussed.
地中海国家是文化交流的活跃中心，野生植物在当地烹饪传统中发挥着重要作用。这些植物中有相当一部分属于菊科。该地区相似的气候条件促成了这些植物共同的分布范围。虽然许多物种分布广泛，但其他一些物种则局限于特定的次区域，如地中海西部、东部或北非。传统食用的野生菊科植物中，只有六个分类单元仅在一个国家特有。本综述聚焦于来自菊科的野生植物，这些植物在13个研究地点被传统用作食物，研究地点包括地中海及邻近地区的11个国家，涵盖大陆地区和三个岛屿。目的是识别和分析与实际消费相关的原生分布模式。结果，共识别出167种菊科可食用野生植物。描述并分析了它们的分布和消费模式。这些菊科可食用野生植物消费量最高的是西班牙（=65种），其次是意大利南部（=44种）和摩洛哥（=32种）。土耳其（=24种）、西西里岛（=23种）、约旦和巴勒斯坦（=21种）以及保加利亚（=21种）也呈现出类似的消费模式。值得注意的是，有106种植物仅在一个特定国家被用作食物，尽管其中大多数在其他几个国家也有分布。某些国家消费的许多物种并未被邻国居民食用，这凸显了民族植物学知识的跨境传播有限。文中还讨论了杰卡德指数统计分析的结果。
