Alrabie Thawab, Brown Michael, Rice Billiejoan, Marsh Lynne
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
Nursing Practices, Nursing Collage, Umm Al Gura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Jun 30;13(13):1571. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13131571.
: Disasters pose significant challenges to public health by disrupting essential services, especially during mass gatherings such as the Hajj pilgrimage. These complex events demand swifts coordinated action from healthcare professionals. However, many remain insufficiently equipped for large-scale emergencies due to gaps in triage training, disaster knowledge, and established response protocols-issues that are particularly critical in high-risk settings. : This systematic literature review aims to explore the clinical insights of registered nurses and other healthcare professionals in disaster preparedness and response during the Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia. : A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive database search was performed across CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, Embase, and APA PsycINFO, focusing on studies published between 2012 and 2025. Eligible studies addressed disaster nursing education, preparedness, and response. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used for quality assessment. : Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Three main themes emerged: disaster preparedness, experiences and challenges in disaster response, and education and training. The review revealed lack in nurses' readiness, policy awareness, and real-world disaster experience. Training and curriculum improvements are essential to enhance disaster response capabilities. : This review highlights the urgent need for standardized disaster nursing curricula to enhance preparedness and response competencies. Incorporating structured disaster training into nursing education will strengthen healthcare system resilience. Future research should adopt qualitative methods to capture healthcare professionals lived experiences during the Hajj. Including diverse participants and focusing on the unique cultural context can enhance disaster preparedness and response strategies.
灾害通过扰乱基本服务对公共卫生构成重大挑战，尤其是在朝觐等大规模集会期间。这些复杂事件需要医疗专业人员迅速采取协调行动。然而，由于分诊培训、灾害知识和既定应对预案方面存在差距，许多人在应对大规模紧急情况时准备不足，这些问题在高风险环境中尤为关键。
本系统文献综述旨在探讨沙特阿拉伯朝觐期间注册护士和其他医疗专业人员在灾害防范和应对方面的临床见解。
按照PRISMA指南进行了系统文献综述。在CINAHL、Scopus、Medline、Embase和APA PsycINFO数据库中进行了全面搜索，重点关注2012年至2025年发表的研究。符合条件的研究涉及灾害护理教育、防范和应对。使用混合方法评估工具（MMAT）进行质量评估。
23项研究符合纳入标准。出现了三个主要主题：灾害防范、灾害应对中的经验和挑战以及教育和培训。综述显示护士在准备就绪、政策意识和实际灾害经验方面存在不足。培训和课程改进对于提高灾害应对能力至关重要。
本综述强调迫切需要标准化的灾害护理课程，以提高防范和应对能力。将结构化灾害培训纳入护理教育将增强医疗系统的复原力。未来的研究应采用定性方法，以了解朝觐期间医疗专业人员的生活经历。纳入不同参与者并关注独特的文化背景可以增强灾害防范和应对策略。
