Gasbarri Carla, Angelini Guido
Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Molecules. 2025 Jun 22;30(13):2694. doi: 10.3390/molecules30132694.
Since ancient times, Royal Jelly (RJ) has been known for its remarkable properties in traditional medicine, and it is still widely recommended for mental and physical well-being. RJ consists of a unique and complex mixture of multiple constituents in different concentrations, and some of its biological activities are directly associated with specific components not found elsewhere in nature, such as ()-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) and its precursor 10-hydroxydecanoic acid (10-HDAA), two medium-chain fatty acids. Together, 10-HAD and 10-HDAA represent the major constituents of the total lipid fraction in RJ, but despite their structural similarity, the former has been extensively investigated over the years, while the latter has been only marginally reported. This review focuses on the promising effects of 10-HDAA that have emerged in a series of recent in vitro, in vivo, and docking simulation studies. Important bioactivities were observed for 10-HDAA, tested both as an individual compound, especially for immunoregulatory, estrogenic, and anti-inflammatory activities, and in synergic combination with other molecules. Specific anti-infective effects against endemic diseases, as well as the structural modification to synthesize biocompatible and biodegradable 10-HDAA-based amphiphiles, are also reported.
自古以来，蜂王浆（RJ）在传统医学中就因其显著特性而闻名，至今仍被广泛推荐用于身心健康。蜂王浆由多种成分以不同浓度组成的独特复杂混合物构成，其一些生物活性与自然界其他地方未发现的特定成分直接相关，例如（）-10-羟基-2-癸烯酸（10-HDA）及其前体10-羟基癸酸（10-HDAA），这两种中链脂肪酸。10-HAD和10-HDAA共同构成了蜂王浆总脂质部分的主要成分，但尽管它们结构相似，多年来前者已得到广泛研究，而后者仅有少量报道。本综述聚焦于10-HDAA在一系列近期体外、体内和对接模拟研究中所展现出的有前景的作用。10-HDAA作为单一化合物进行测试时表现出重要的生物活性，尤其具有免疫调节、雌激素和抗炎活性，并且与其他分子协同组合时也有此类活性。还报道了其针对地方病的特定抗感染作用，以及合成基于10-HDAA的生物相容性和可生物降解两亲分子的结构修饰。
