Tan Asia Xiao Xuan, Ong Brandon Yen Chow, Dinesh Tarini, Srinivasan Dinesh Kumar
Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
Department of Anaesthesia, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jul 4;26(13):6465. doi: 10.3390/ijms26136465.
The gut microbiota has emerged as a key area of biomedical research due to its integral role in maintaining host health and its involvement in the pathogenesis of many systemic diseases. Growing evidence supports the notion that gut dysbiosis contributes significantly to diseases and their progression. An example would be inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a group of conditions that cause inflammation and swelling of the digestive tract, with the principal types being ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Another notable disease with significant association to gut dysbiosis would be colorectal cancer (CRC), a malignancy which typically begins as polyps in the colon or rectum, but has the potential to metastasise to other parts of the body, including the liver and lungs, among others. Concurrently, advances in nanomedicine, an evolving field that applies nanotechnology for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, have opened new avenues for targeted and efficient therapeutic strategies. In this paper, we provide an overview of the gut microbiota and the implications of its dysregulation in human disease. We then review the emerging nanotechnology-based approaches for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes, with a particular focus on their applications in IBD and CRC.
由于肠道微生物群在维持宿主健康中起着不可或缺的作用，并参与许多全身性疾病的发病机制，它已成为生物医学研究的一个关键领域。越来越多的证据支持肠道微生物群失调会对疾病及其进展产生重大影响这一观点。例如炎症性肠病（IBD），这是一组导致消化道炎症和肿胀的病症，主要类型为溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和克罗恩病（CD）。另一种与肠道微生物群失调有显著关联的著名疾病是结直肠癌（CRC），这是一种恶性肿瘤，通常始于结肠或直肠的息肉，但有可能转移到身体的其他部位，包括肝脏和肺部等。与此同时，纳米医学是一个不断发展的领域，它将纳米技术应用于疾病的预防、诊断和治疗，其进展为靶向和高效的治疗策略开辟了新途径。在本文中，我们概述了肠道微生物群及其失调在人类疾病中的影响。然后，我们回顾了新兴的基于纳米技术的治疗和诊断方法，特别关注它们在IBD和CRC中的应用。
