Aydoğdu İbrahim Halil, Özkaya Esen
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Contact Dermatitis. 2025 Nov;93(5):379-389. doi: 10.1111/cod.70000. Epub 2025 Jul 12.
Rubber additives are common causes of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) worldwide, yet data from Turkey remain limited.
To evaluate the prevalence of rubber additive sensitisation and its clinical/occupational relevance in a tertiary referral centre.
A retrospective study on 2687 consecutively patch-tested patients with rubber additives at our allergy unit between 1996 and 2023.
Rubber sensitisation was found in 10.6%, with a slight increase after 2010. Male predominance was noted (female: male = 1:2.3). Thiurams and carbamates were the most frequent sensitizers. ACD was diagnosed in 7.9%, primarily caused by gloves (85.5%). Hands were most commonly affected (94.4%). Logistic regression analysis showed that thiuram and carbamate sensitisation was significantly associated with hand eczema, while benzothiazole derivatives were linked to foot eczema. Airborne ACD occurred in 4.2%, mainly in healthcare workers. Hand eczema with and without wrist extension was observed with similar frequency. Occupational ACD accounted for 79.3% of cases, especially among construction (56.8%) and healthcare workers (14.8%), with a relative increase in the latter group after 2015.
The high prevalence of sensitisation from rubber gloves is concerning. Legal measures are urgently needed, including safer additives and clearer glove labelling. Patch testing remains essential, even without the classic glove-pattern distribution.
橡胶添加剂是全球过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）的常见病因，但来自土耳其的数据仍然有限。
评估三级转诊中心橡胶添加剂致敏的患病率及其临床/职业相关性。
对1996年至2023年间在我们过敏科连续接受橡胶添加剂斑贴试验的2687例患者进行回顾性研究。
发现橡胶致敏率为10.6%，2010年后略有上升。男性占主导（女性：男性 = 1:2.3）。秋兰姆和氨基甲酸盐是最常见的致敏剂。诊断为ACD的占7.9%，主要由手套引起（85.5%）。手部最常受累（94.4%）。逻辑回归分析表明，秋兰姆和氨基甲酸盐致敏与手部湿疹显著相关，而苯并噻唑衍生物与足部湿疹有关。空气传播性ACD占4.2%，主要发生在医护人员中。有和没有手腕伸展的手部湿疹观察频率相似。职业性ACD占病例的79.3%，尤其是在建筑工人（56.8%）和医护人员（14.8%）中，后一组在2015年后相对增加。
橡胶手套致敏的高患病率令人担忧。迫切需要采取法律措施，包括使用更安全的添加剂和更清晰的手套标签。即使没有典型的手套图案分布，斑贴试验仍然至关重要。
