El Omari Nasreddine, Aguerd Oumayma, Balahbib Abdelaali, El Menyiy Naoual, Amanullah Mohammed, Chew Jactty, Ming Long Chiau, Bouyahya Abdelhakim
High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Tetouan, Tetouan, Morocco.
Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 10106, Rabat, Morocco.
AMB Express. 2025 Jul 14;15(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s13568-025-01911-8.
This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic, dermatoprotective, and antibacterial properties of Mentha pulegium L. essential oil (MPEO), harvested in Ouezzane, northwest Morocco. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified pulegone (41.0%) and menthone (21.2%) as the major constituents. The antibacterial activity was assessed using the micro-broth dilution method, while antidiabetic and dermatoprotective effects were evaluated via in vitro inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, and elastase. Additionally, molecular docking was used to assess interactions between key enzymes and major compounds. Both menthone and pulegone exhibited strong antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, with MIC and MBC values ranging from 0.125 to 0.25 µg/mL. Remarkably, menthone and pulegone demonstrated MIC = MBC = 0.125 µg/mL against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes, respectively. In antidiabetic assays, all tested compounds outperformed acarbose. Menthone showed the best inhibition with IC₅₀ values of 149.32 ± 4.16 and 108.39 ± 4.08 μg/mL for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. MPEO also displayed potent dermatoprotective activity, with IC₅₀ values of 56.23 ± 2.24 μg/mL (tyrosinase) and 90.36 ± 2.26 μg/mL (elastase), compared to quercetin. In silico analysis confirmed strong binding affinities of pulegone and menthone to target enzymes involved in glucose regulation. These findings highlight MPEO as a promising natural source of bioactive compounds with antibacterial, antidiabetic, and dermatoprotective properties, supporting its potential use in pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications.
本研究旨在评估在摩洛哥西北部乌埃扎内采集的唇萼薄荷精油（MPEO）的抗糖尿病、皮肤保护和抗菌特性。气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）分析确定，主要成分是长叶薄荷酮（41.0%）和薄荷酮（21.2%）。采用微量肉汤稀释法评估抗菌活性，通过体外抑制α - 淀粉酶、α - 葡萄糖苷酶、酪氨酸酶和弹性蛋白酶来评估抗糖尿病和皮肤保护作用。此外，利用分子对接评估关键酶与主要化合物之间的相互作用。薄荷酮和长叶薄荷酮对金黄色葡萄球菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌均表现出较强的抗菌作用，其最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）值范围为0.125至0.25μg/mL。值得注意的是，薄荷酮和长叶薄荷酮对金黄色葡萄球菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌的MIC分别为0.125μg/mL，MBC分别为0.125μg/mL。在抗糖尿病试验中，所有测试化合物的表现均优于阿卡波糖。薄荷酮表现出最佳抑制效果，对α - 淀粉酶和α - 葡萄糖苷酶的IC₅₀值分别为149.32±4.16和108.39±4.08μg/mL。与槲皮素相比，MPEO还表现出强大的皮肤保护活性，对酪氨酸酶和弹性蛋白酶的IC₅₀值分别为56.23±2.24μg/mL和90.36±2.26μg/mL。计算机模拟分析证实，长叶薄荷酮和薄荷酮与参与葡萄糖调节的靶酶具有很强的结合亲和力。这些发现突出了MPEO作为一种有前景的生物活性化合物天然来源，具有抗菌、抗糖尿病和皮肤保护特性，支持其在制药和治疗应用中的潜在用途。
