Luo Juan, Zhang Yun, Luo Zuojie
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Jul 14;20(7):e0322787. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0322787. eCollection 2025.
This research critically assesses the global prevalence and trends of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) among women of reproductive age (15-39 years) spanning the period from 1990 to 2021. We conducted an analysis of the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), and Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) using data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) Study 2021. The global ASIR and DALYs per 100,000 among reproductive-aged women increased from 101.01 to 205.17 and from 113.25 to 198.41, respectively. The EAPC for ASIR was 2.32 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.25 to 2.39], and that for DALYs was 1.76 (95% CI: 1.69 to 1.83), both indicating an upward trend. The increase in T2D prevalence was more prominent in the 25-29 age group and younger women. According to Socio-demographic Index (SDI) category, the highest ASIR and age-standardized DALY rate were observed in low-middle SDI regions (ASIR 104.44; age-standardized DALY rate 136.78). The most significant increases in ASIR were recorded in High-income North America (EAPC = 3.64, 95% CI 3.46 to 3.82) and Cameroon (EAPC = 4.30, 95% CI 4.14 to 4.46). In terms of age-standardized DALY rates, the steepest rises were seen in East Asia (EAPC = 2.71, 95% CI 2.34 to 3.08) and Turkmenistan (EAPC = 4.21, 95% CI 3.89 to 4.52). This study shows a remarkable increase in global T2D burden in women of reproductive age between 1990 and 2021. Interventions should be targeted towards women aged 25-29 years and lifestyle risk factors in low-middle SDI, specifically in countries in North Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, Oceania.
本研究批判性地评估了1990年至2021年期间全球15至39岁育龄妇女2型糖尿病（T2D）的患病率及趋势。我们利用《2021年全球疾病负担（GBD）研究》的数据，对年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）、伤残调整生命年（DALYs）和估计年百分比变化（EAPC）进行了分析。全球每10万名育龄妇女的ASIR和DALYs分别从101.01增至205.17，以及从113.25增至198.41。ASIR的EAPC为2.32 [95%置信区间（CI）：2.25至2.39]，DALYs的EAPC为1.76（95% CI：1.69至1.83），两者均呈上升趋势。T2D患病率的增加在25至29岁年龄组及更年轻的女性中更为显著。根据社会人口指数（SDI）类别，中低收入SDI地区的ASIR和年龄标准化DALY率最高（ASIR为104.44；年龄标准化DALY率为136.78）。ASIR增幅最大的地区是高收入的北美洲（EAPC = 3.64，95% CI 3.46至3.82）和喀麦隆（EAPC = 4.30，95% CI 4.14至4.46）。就年龄标准化DALY率而言，上升幅度最大的是东亚（EAPC = 2.71，95% CI 2.34至3.08）和土库曼斯坦（EAPC = 4.21，95% CI 3.89至4.52）。本研究表明，1990年至2021年期间全球育龄妇女的T2D负担显著增加。干预措施应针对25至29岁的女性以及中低收入SDI地区的生活方式风险因素，特别是北非和中东、东亚、大洋洲的国家。
