Bass Audra, Leite Heloine, Oliveira Lorena B P, Nedell Emma, Marçal Pedro, Clennon Julie A, Collins Jeffrey M, Ziegler Thomas R, Silva Erica Magueta, Vieira Maisa P, Pinheiro Marcos D S, Branco Alexandre C, Ferreira José A, Waller Lance, Fraga Lucia A O, Fairley Jessica K
Department of Medicine, Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine.
Programa of Multicêntrico de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular/PMBqBM, Universidade Federal de Juiz De Fora-Campus Governador Valadares, GV, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
medRxiv. 2025 Jun 27:2025.06.26.25330341. doi: 10.1101/2025.06.26.25330341.
Prior studies have demonstrated associations between helminths and mycobacterial infections, suggesting a can alter the susceptibility do mycobacterial infection or disease. Our goal was to assess the association of infection with parasitic infections in a highly endemic area for Hansen's disease in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Adults and children ages 3 years and older were enrolled from communities in Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and nearby municipalities. Questionnaires on demographics and infection history were administered. Serological reactivity against and parasitic infections was assessed by multiplexed bead assay (MBA). Data were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression with both anti-LID-1 antibody positivity and history of HD as outcomes in separate models. Exposures in the analysis included history of parasites (both antibody results and self-reports) and several pertinent socio-demographics like area of residence (i.e. urban vs. rural).
Of 1,311 enrollees, 72 (5.5%) reported a prior history of HD, 94 (7.2%) tested positive for anti-LID-1, 836 (63.8%) reported having one or more parasitic diseases in the past, 153 (11.7%) tested positive for antibodies to schistosoma egg antigen (SEA), and 69 (5.3%) for antibodies to the antigen NIE. There was an association between rural residence and history of HD (aOR, 1.97, CI: 1.14 - 3.38). Rural residence and anti-LID-1 also showed a positive assocation (aOR 1.79, CI: 1.07- 3.38). While not statistically significant, there was a positive association between anti-LID-1 and NIE antibodies (aOR 1.57, CI: 0.69-3.57), and a negative association between anti-LID-1 and SEA antibodies (aOR 0.79, CI: 0.38 - 1.61).
This study utilized a novel methodology (multiplex bead assay) to simultaneously measure seroreactivity among various pathogens. While we did not find that a history of HD and anti-LID-1 positivity were associated with seropositivity to NIE or SEA, our study found a high burden of several neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). There was also a strong association with rural residence and LID-1 positivity. This warrants further investigation into the prevalence and epidemiology of infection, as well as potential spatial and environmental risk factors.
先前的研究已证明蠕虫与分枝杆菌感染之间存在关联，这表明蠕虫可改变对分枝杆菌感染或疾病的易感性。我们的目标是评估巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州汉森病高度流行地区分枝杆菌感染与寄生虫感染之间的关联。
从巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州瓦拉达雷斯州长市及附近市镇的社区招募3岁及以上的成人和儿童。发放了关于人口统计学和感染史的问卷。通过多重微珠分析（MBA）评估针对分枝杆菌和寄生虫感染的血清学反应性。在单独的模型中，以抗LID-1抗体阳性和汉森病史作为结果，通过多变量逻辑回归分析数据。分析中的暴露因素包括寄生虫病史（抗体结果和自我报告）以及一些相关的社会人口统计学因素，如居住地区（即城市与农村）。
在1311名参与者中，72人（5.5%）报告有汉森病史，94人（7.2%）抗LID-1检测呈阳性，836人（63.8%）报告过去患有一种或多种寄生虫病，153人（11.7%）血吸虫卵抗原（SEA）抗体检测呈阳性，69人（5.3%）NIE抗原抗体检测呈阳性。农村居住与汉森病史之间存在关联（调整后比值比，1.97，置信区间：1.14 - 3.38）。农村居住与抗LID-1也呈正相关（调整后比值比1.79，置信区间：1.07 - 3.38）。虽然无统计学意义，但抗LID-1与NIE抗体之间呈正相关（调整后比值比1.57，置信区间：0.69 - 3.57），抗LID-1与SEA抗体之间呈负相关（调整后比值比0.79，置信区间：0.38 - 1.61）。
本研究采用了一种新颖的方法（多重微珠分析）来同时测量各种病原体之间的血清反应性。虽然我们未发现汉森病史和抗LID-1阳性与NIE或SEA血清阳性相关，但我们的研究发现了几种被忽视的热带病（NTDs）的高负担情况。农村居住与LID-1阳性之间也存在很强的关联。这值得进一步调查分枝杆菌感染的患病率和流行病学，以及潜在的空间和环境风险因素。
