Thuere Konstantin L, Mantz Lea, Sultana Sadia, Henderson Louise M, Sakoda Lori C, Kazerooni Ella, San José Estépar Raúl, Bouxsein Mary L, Fintelmann Florian J
Medical student, Department of Radiology, Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University (USAAR), Homburg, Germany.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2025 Jul 16. doi: 10.2214/AJR.25.33069.
The increase in chest CT volumes affords radiologists the opportunity to systematically assess imaging biomarkers including coronary and thoracic arterial calcification, emphysema, airway dysanapsis, adipose tissue in various compartments, skeletal muscle (in terms of both quantity and quality), and vertebral body bone attenuation (as a measure of bone mineral density), extending from the T1 through T12 vertebral body levels (1). These biomarkers represent a spectrum of disease-induced changes or increases in risk for developing disease. This Special Series review provides an overview of these established and emerging imaging biomarkers on chest CT scans, aiming to serve as a reference for practicing radiologists. We discuss the imaging biomarkers' importance for patient care, highlight recent developments, present approaches for interpretation and integration into clinical workflows with attention to the role of reference values, consider challenges in serial assessment resulting from variations in technical parameters, describe the biomarkers' incorporation into societal guidelines, and summarize FDA-approved AI tools to aid evaluation.
胸部CT检查量的增加为放射科医生提供了系统评估成像生物标志物的机会，这些生物标志物包括冠状动脉和胸主动脉钙化、肺气肿、气道不匀称、不同腔隙的脂肪组织、骨骼肌（包括数量和质量）以及椎体骨衰减（作为骨密度的一种测量指标），范围从T1到T12椎体水平（1）。这些生物标志物代表了一系列疾病引起的变化或患病风险的增加。本专题系列综述概述了胸部CT扫描中这些已确立和新出现的成像生物标志物，旨在为执业放射科医生提供参考。我们讨论了成像生物标志物对患者护理的重要性，强调了最近的进展，介绍了解读方法以及将其整合到临床工作流程中的方法，并关注参考值的作用，考虑了技术参数变化导致的连续评估中的挑战，描述了生物标志物纳入社会指南的情况，并总结了FDA批准的有助于评估的人工智能工具。
