Liu Quancheng, Liu Weijie, Jia Yuechen, Ziegler Klaus, Alù Andrea, Chen Feng
School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany.
Sci Adv. 2025 Jul 18;11(29):eadx0595. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adx0595.
Topological order in photonics, defined by pseudo-spin degrees of freedom, is traditionally static. By contrast, a unique quantum effect is that measurements alter system states. The convergence of these foundational concepts-measurement and topology-remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that topological order can be dynamically modified by repeated measurements. By fabricating a photonic lattice composed of an array of contiguous waveguides and incorporating 16,800 appended waveguide segments as discrete, nonindependent units, we established a classical-wave platform simulating the backaction from measurements and observed measurement-induced topological order in photonic lattices. Beyond topology, we further demonstrate that measurements can universally control the lattice by tailoring its Hilbert space and validate experimentally. Our study not only offers a quantum approach to dynamically tailor topological order but also unveils measurements as a powerful universal control tool, paving the way to on-chip topological materials and measurement-induced control over photonic systems.
由赝自旋自由度定义的光子学中的拓扑序传统上是静态的。相比之下，一种独特的量子效应是测量会改变系统状态。测量与拓扑这两个基础概念的融合仍未得到探索。在此，我们证明拓扑序可以通过重复测量动态修改。通过制造由一系列连续波导组成的光子晶格，并纳入16800个附加波导段作为离散、非独立单元，我们建立了一个模拟测量反作用的经典波平台，并在光子晶格中观测到测量诱导的拓扑序。除了拓扑之外，我们进一步证明测量可以通过定制其希尔伯特空间来普遍控制晶格，并通过实验验证。我们的研究不仅提供了一种动态定制拓扑序的量子方法，还揭示了测量作为一种强大的通用控制工具，为片上拓扑材料以及对光子系统的测量诱导控制铺平了道路。
