Soleymani Nejad Marzeyeh, Estebsari Fatemeh, Abbasi Mahmoud, Latifi Marzieh
Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Operating Room and Anesthesia, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Bull Emerg Trauma. 2025;13(2):98-104. doi: 10.30476/beat.2025.105958.1578.
This study aimed to identify the factors influencing pedestrians' preventive behaviors regarding road traffic safety among students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a framework.
In 2022, a total of 337 SBMU students were selected using a multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected using a 45-item questionnaire based on HBM constructs: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and behavior. The questionnaire was distributed electronically via SBMU's social media channels. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 18). <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The mean age of the participants was 26.68±2.8 years. The most significant influential factor was family (94.3%), followed by social media. Among HBM constructs, perceived susceptibility had the highest mean score. A one-point increase in perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and cues to action scores significantly increased the likelihood of adherence to safe pedestrian behavior (β=0.06, =0.04; β=0.121, <0.001; β=0.219, =0.003, respectively). Conversely, an increase in perceived barriers significantly decreased adherence to safe pedestrian behavior (<0.001).
Family and social media play a crucial role in shaping students' perceptions of road traffic safety. Enhancing perceived susceptibility and benefits, as well as providing effective cues to action, can significantly promote preventive behaviors among students.
本研究旨在以健康信念模型（HBM）为框架，确定影响设拉子医科大学（SBMU）学生道路交通安全预防行为的因素。
2022年，采用多阶段抽样方法共选取了337名SBMU学生。使用基于HBM结构的45项问卷收集数据：感知易感性、感知严重性、感知益处、感知障碍、行动线索和行为。问卷通过SBMU的社交媒体渠道以电子方式分发。使用SPSS软件（版本18）进行数据分析。P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
参与者的平均年龄为26.68±2.8岁。最具影响力的因素是家庭（94.3%），其次是社交媒体。在HBM结构中，感知易感性的平均得分最高。感知易感性、感知益处和行动线索得分每增加一分，坚持安全行人行为的可能性显著增加（β=0.06，P=0.04；β=0.121，P<0.001；β=0.219，P=0.003）。相反，感知障碍增加显著降低了对安全行人行为的坚持（P<0.001）。
家庭和社交媒体在塑造学生对道路交通安全的认知方面起着关键作用。增强感知易感性和益处，以及提供有效的行动线索，可以显著促进学生的预防行为。
