Li Zhifei, Li Runze, Chen Jianchuan, Yang Ruida, Li Peng, Qiu Bin
Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zibo First Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Zibo, China.
J Natl Cancer Cent. 2025 Feb 27;5(3):267-277. doi: 10.1016/j.jncc.2025.02.004. eCollection 2025 Jun.
The Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2022 and the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 are two primary databases for assessing the global cancer burden. This study aimed to compare the incidence and mortality rates of tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer reported in these databases and to analyze the observed discrepancies.
Age-standardized rates (ASRs), including age-standardized incidence rates and age-standardized mortality rates for TBL cancer, were obtained from GLOBOCAN 2022 and GBD 2021 for the most recent available year. Differences in ASRs at the national level between the two databases were quantified using pairwise differences, calculated as the absolute difference in ASRs divided by the mean of the ASRs from both sources. Correlations between macroeconomic factors and pairwise differences in ASRs were evaluated, and country features correlated with high pairwise differences were assessed. The data sources and methods used in the two databases were also compared.
Strong correlations were identified between ASRs reported by GLOBOCAN 2022 and GBD 2021; however, significant differences were observed between estimates from the two data sources. African countries commonly exhibited larger pairwise differences in ASRs, whereas European countries demonstrated smaller pairwise differences in ASRs. Additionally, some populous developing countries, including China, South Africa, Brazil and India, showed smaller differences in ASRs. Countries lacking vital registration systems or high-quality population-based cancer registries displayed larger differences in ASRs. Furthermore, differences in ASRs were negatively correlated with macroeconomic factors. The data sources and estimation methods used by the two databases were inconsistent.
Discrepancies in TBL cancer incidence and mortality were observed between GLOBOCAN 2022 and GBD 2021. While differences in sources and methods partially explain these discrepancies, a country's cancer surveillance maturity and economic status also correlate with the accuracy of the estimates. Estimating the cancer burden in less wealthy countries remains a substantial challenge, necessitating long-term assistance and investment.
《全球癌症观测站（GLOBOCAN）2022》和《全球疾病负担（GBD）2021》是评估全球癌症负担的两个主要数据库。本研究旨在比较这些数据库中报告的气管、支气管和肺癌（TBL）的发病率和死亡率，并分析观察到的差异。
从《全球癌症观测站（GLOBOCAN）2022》和《全球疾病负担（GBD）2021》中获取了最近可用年份的年龄标准化率（ASR），包括TBL癌症的年龄标准化发病率和年龄标准化死亡率。使用成对差异对两个数据库在国家层面的ASR差异进行量化，成对差异计算为ASR的绝对差异除以两个来源的ASR均值。评估宏观经济因素与ASR成对差异之间的相关性，并评估与高成对差异相关的国家特征。还比较了两个数据库使用的数据来源和方法。
《全球癌症观测站（GLOBOCAN）2022》和《全球疾病负担（GBD）2021》报告的ASR之间存在强相关性；然而，两个数据源的估计值之间存在显著差异。非洲国家的ASR成对差异通常较大，而欧洲国家的ASR成对差异较小。此外，一些人口众多的发展中国家，包括中国、南非、巴西和印度，ASR差异较小。缺乏生命登记系统或高质量基于人群的癌症登记处的国家，其ASR差异较大。此外，ASR差异与宏观经济因素呈负相关。两个数据库使用的数据来源和估计方法不一致。
在《全球癌症观测站（GLOBOCAN）2022》和《全球疾病负担（GBD）2021》之间观察到TBL癌症发病率和死亡率的差异。虽然数据来源和方法的差异部分解释了这些差异，但一个国家的癌症监测成熟度和经济状况也与估计的准确性相关。在较贫穷国家估计癌症负担仍然是一项重大挑战，需要长期援助和投资。
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