Rapport M D, DuPaul G J, Stoner G, Birmingham B K, Masse G
Pediatrics. 1985 Dec;76(6):938-43.
The impulsivity component of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity requires regulation because its effects interfere with children's school performance and persist into adulthood. The present investigation examined the effects of low to intermediate doses of methylphenidate on impulsivity (measured by the Matching Familiar Figures test, a primary index of cognitive tempo) in 14 children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. The mean percentile error score in the highest dose (15 mg) group was significantly lower than those in placebo (P less than .01), 5-mg (P less than .01), and 10-mg (P less than .01) groups. Trend analysis revealed a linear relationship between dose and error score with total errors decreasing as dose increased. Changes in children's error scores were examined using both fixed-dose and milligram per kilogram data-plotting methods. This work demonstrates the need to consider specific task and child characteristics while assessing the child's responsivity to psychostimulants across a range of safe doses and a variety of behavioral domains.
注意力缺陷多动障碍的冲动性成分需要调节，因为其影响会干扰儿童的学业成绩，并持续到成年期。本研究考察了低至中等剂量的哌甲酯对14名注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童冲动性（通过匹配熟悉图形测试测量，这是认知速度的主要指标）的影响。最高剂量（15毫克）组的平均百分误差得分显著低于安慰剂组（P小于0.01）、5毫克组（P小于0.01）和10毫克组（P小于0.01）。趋势分析显示剂量与误差得分之间存在线性关系，总误差随着剂量增加而减少。使用固定剂量和每千克毫克数据绘图方法检查了儿童误差得分的变化。这项工作表明，在评估儿童在一系列安全剂量和各种行为领域对精神兴奋剂的反应性时，需要考虑特定任务和儿童特征。
