Kostadinova Milena, Raykovska Miryana, Simeonov Radoil, Lolov Stephan, Mourdjeva Milena
Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Department of Molecular Immunology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2025 Apr 17;47(4):287. doi: 10.3390/cimb47040287.
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing bone defects and disorders that cannot be repaired through traditional methods. This field leverages the potential of various biomaterials, cells, and bioactive factors to promote bone regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained significant attention due to their osteogenic potential, which can be enhanced through osteoinductive factors. Osteoinductive factors, including growth factors like BMPs, TGF-β, VEGF, and IGF, play a crucial role in stimulating the osteodifferentiation process, thereby promoting bone regeneration. Furthermore, bioprinting technologies have opened new avenues for precisely designing scaffolds that can mimic the native bone architecture and provide a conducive environment for MSC differentiation. The integration of bioprinting with mesenchymal stem cells and osteoinductive factors has the potential to revolutionize regenerative therapies by allowing for the creation of patient-specific bone grafts. This review highlights the latest developments in MSC-based therapies, the role of osteoinductive factors, and the impact of bioprinting in advancing BTE. It also discusses future directions for improving the efficacy and clinical translation of these technologies.
骨组织工程（BTE）已成为一种有前景的策略，用于解决那些无法通过传统方法修复的骨缺损和骨疾病。该领域利用各种生物材料、细胞和生物活性因子的潜力来促进骨再生。间充质干细胞（MSCs）因其成骨潜力而备受关注，这种潜力可通过骨诱导因子得到增强。骨诱导因子，包括如骨形态发生蛋白（BMPs）、转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）等生长因子，在刺激骨分化过程中起着关键作用，从而促进骨再生。此外，生物打印技术为精确设计能够模拟天然骨结构并为间充质干细胞分化提供有利环境的支架开辟了新途径。将生物打印与间充质干细胞和骨诱导因子相结合，有可能通过制造个性化骨移植物来彻底改变再生疗法。本综述重点介绍了基于间充质干细胞的疗法的最新进展、骨诱导因子的作用以及生物打印在推进骨组织工程方面的影响。它还讨论了提高这些技术的疗效和临床转化的未来方向。
