解析植物中苯丙氨酸衍生的水杨酸生物合成过程。

Deciphering phenylalanine-derived salicylic acid biosynthesis in plants.

作者信息

Wang Yukang, Song Shuyan, Zhang Wenxuan, Deng Qianwen, Feng Yanlei, Tao Mei, Kang Mengna, Zhang Qi, Yang Lijia, Wang Xinyu, Zhu Changan, Wang Xiaowen, Zhu Wanxin, Zhu Yixiao, Cao Pengfei, Chen Jia, Pan Jinheng, Feng Shan, Chen Xianyan, Dai Huaxin, Song Shiyong, Yang Jinghua, Zhao Tianlun, Cao Fangbin, Tao Zeng, Shen Xingxing, Last Robert L, Hu Jianping, Yu Jingquan, Fan Pengxiang, Pan Ronghui

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing for Functional Chemicals, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

出版信息

Nature. 2025 Jul 23. doi: 10.1038/s41586-025-09280-9.

DOI:10.1038/s41586-025-09280-9

PMID:40702180

Abstract

Salicylic acid (SA) is a ubiquitous plant hormone with a long history in human civilization. Because of the central role of SA in orchestrating plant pathogen defence, understanding SA biosynthesis is fundamental to plant immunity research and crop improvement. Isochorismate-derived SA biosynthesis has been well defined in Arabidopsis. However, increasing evidence suggests a crucial function for phenylalanine-derived SA biosynthesis in many other plant species. Here we reveal the phenylalanine-derived SA biosynthetic pathway in rice by identifying three dedicated enzymes - peroxisomal benzoyl-CoA:benzyl alcohol benzoyltransferase (BEBT), the endoplasmic reticulum-associated cytochrome P450 enzyme benzylbenzoate hydroxylase (BBH), and cytosolic benzylsalicylate esterase (BSE) that sequentially convert benzoyl-CoA to benzylbenzoate, benzylsalicylate and SA. The pathogen-induced gene expression pattern and SA biosynthetic functions of this triple-enzyme module are conserved in diverse plants. This work fills a major knowledge gap in the biosynthesis of a key plant defence hormone, establishing a foundation for new strategies to create disease-resistant crops.

摘要

水杨酸（SA）是一种在人类文明中有着悠久历史的普遍存在的植物激素。由于SA在协调植物病原体防御中发挥着核心作用，了解SA生物合成对于植物免疫研究和作物改良至关重要。在拟南芥中，异分支酸途径衍生的SA生物合成已得到明确界定。然而，越来越多的证据表明，苯丙氨酸途径衍生的SA生物合成在许多其他植物物种中具有关键作用。在此，我们通过鉴定三种专门的酶——过氧化物酶体苯甲酰辅酶A：苄醇苯甲酰转移酶（BEBT）、内质网相关的细胞色素P450酶苄基苯甲酸羟化酶（BBH）和胞质苄基水杨酸酯酶（BSE），揭示了水稻中苯丙氨酸途径衍生的SA生物合成途径，这些酶依次将苯甲酰辅酶A转化为苄基苯甲酸、苄基水杨酸和SA。这种三酶模块的病原体诱导基因表达模式和SA生物合成功能在多种植物中是保守的。这项工作填补了关键植物防御激素生物合成方面的一个主要知识空白，为培育抗病作物的新策略奠定了基础。