Isezuo Khadijat O, Abubakar Jibril, Mohammed Yahaya, Sani Usman Muhammad, Waziri Usman Muhammad, Garba Bilkisu Ilah, Adamu Asmau, Jiya Fatima Bello, Ibrahim Amina, Dada Khadija Muhammad, Ango Umar Muhammad
Department of Paediatrics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto.
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto.
Niger Med J. 2025 Jun 16;66(2):586-597. doi: 10.71480/nmj.v66i2.717. eCollection 2025 Mar-Apr.
Acute pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharynx and surrounding soft tissues caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal infectious agents. Only bacterial and fungal infections require antimicrobial therapy. Over-use of antibiotics can lead to anti-microbial resistance which is concerning. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of causative organisms are necessary to guide appropriate treatment. The study aims to retrospectively assess from laboratory records, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of pharyngeal isolates amongst children aged below 15 years managed at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.
This was a three (3)-year descriptive retrospective review, from January 2022 to December 2024. A convenience sampling technique was used. A review of positive isolates and susceptibility patterns, which were categorized as sensitive, intermediate, and resistant was done. Information was extracted and entered in a study proforma sheet. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. A p-value of 0.05 was taken as significant.
The total number of patients results reviewed was 305 comprising 160 males (52.5%) and 145 females. The majority 182 (59.7%) were below five (5) years and 109 (35.7%) had positive bacterial and fungal isolates including 50 (16.4%) Streptococcus pneumoniae, 17 (5.6%) Staphylococcus spp., 16 (5.2%) other Streptococcus spp., & 7 (2.3%) Pseudomonas spp. Sixteen (5.2%) had the fungal agent Candida isolated. Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrated high sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (44%) followed by ceftriaxone (38%) and erythromycin (24%) likewise Staphylococcus spp but resistance to cefotaxime and amoxycillin-clavulanate. Other Streptococcus spp had high sensitivity to ceftriazone (37.5%) but also demonstrated resistance to ciprofloxacin (37.5%) and gentamicin (31.3%).
Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus spp, and other Streptococcus spp were the commonest bacterial pharyngeal isolates and demonstrated mixed sensitivity and resistance to quinolones and cephalosporins antibiotics amongst others. More effort on antimicrobial stewardship is key.
急性咽炎是由病毒、细菌或真菌感染引起的咽部及周围软组织炎症。只有细菌和真菌感染需要抗菌治疗。过度使用抗生素会导致令人担忧的抗菌药物耐药性。致病微生物的抗菌药敏模式对于指导恰当治疗很有必要。本研究旨在通过回顾实验室记录，评估在尼日利亚索科托的乌斯曼努·丹福迪奥大学教学医院接受治疗的15岁以下儿童咽部分离株的抗菌药敏模式。
这是一项为期三年（2022年1月至2024年12月）的描述性回顾性研究。采用便利抽样技术。对阳性分离株及其药敏模式进行回顾，将其分为敏感、中介和耐药。提取信息并录入研究表格。使用SPSS 23版软件进行数据分析。以p值0.05为有统计学意义。
共回顾了305例患者的结果，其中男性160例（52.5%），女性145例。大多数患者182例（59.7%）年龄在5岁以下，109例（35.7%）有阳性细菌和真菌分离株，包括50例（16.4%）肺炎链球菌、17例（5.6%）葡萄球菌属、16例（5.2%）其他链球菌属和7例（2.3%）假单胞菌属。16例（5.2%）分离出真菌白色念珠菌。肺炎链球菌对环丙沙星敏感性高（44%），其次是头孢曲松（38%）和红霉素（24%），葡萄球菌属情况类似，但对头孢噻肟和阿莫西林 - 克拉维酸耐药。其他链球菌属对头孢曲松敏感性高（37.5%），但对环丙沙星（37.5%）和庆大霉素（31.3%）也耐药。
肺炎链球菌、葡萄球菌属和其他链球菌属是最常见的咽部细菌分离株，对喹诺酮类和头孢菌素类抗生素等表现出混合的敏感性和耐药性。加强抗菌药物管理是关键。
