Chan Justin, Levine Corri B, Herstein Jocelyn J, Cloutier Nicole, Sauer Lauren, Mehta Aneesh K, Evans Jared
Emerg Infect Dis. 2025 Aug;31(8):1507-1515. doi: 10.3201/eid3108.250313.
High-consequence infectious diseases (HCIDs) are acute human infectious diseases with high illness and case-fatality rates, few or no available effective treatment or prevention options, and the ability to spread in the community and within healthcare settings. Those characteristics lead to significant risks to patients and their close contacts, healthcare workers, laboratory personnel, and communities exposed to an outbreak. We describe aspects of healthcare system preparedness for and response to HCIDs, including the role of high-level isolation units, ensuring safe clinical laboratory capabilities and waste management, increasing availability of medical countermeasures, coordinating with stakeholders and systems of care, and communicating with the public. Finally, we discuss priority areas for further investment in HCID preparedness, care, and research. Effective and equitably disseminated medical countermeasures for HCIDs are urgently needed.
高后果性传染病（HCIDs）是一类急性人类传染病，具有高发病率和病死率，很少或没有有效的治疗或预防手段，且能够在社区和医疗机构内传播。这些特征给患者及其密切接触者、医护人员、实验室工作人员以及爆发疫情地区的社区带来了重大风险。我们描述了医疗系统针对高后果性传染病的防范和应对措施，包括高级隔离病房的作用、确保安全的临床实验室能力和废物管理、增加医疗应对措施的可及性、与利益相关者和医疗体系进行协调以及与公众进行沟通。最后，我们讨论了在高后果性传染病防范、护理和研究方面进一步投资的优先领域。迫切需要有效且公平分发的针对高后果性传染病的医疗应对措施。
